SiMADS34, an E-class MADS-box Transcription Factor, Regulates Inflorescence Architecture and Grain Yield in Setaria Italica

Overview

Journal Plant Mol Biol

Date 2020 Nov 24

PMID 33231834

Citations 13

Authors

Shareif Hammad Hussin

Hailong Wang

Sha Tang

Hui Zhi

Chanjuan Tang

Wei Zhang

Guanqing Jia

Xianmin Diao

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

A novel MADS-box member SiMADS34 is essential for regulating inflorescence architecture and grain yield in Setaria italica. MADS-box transcription factors participate in regulating various developmental processes in plants. Inflorescence architecture is one of the most important agronomic traits and is closely associated with grain yield in most staple crops. Here, we isolated a panicle development mutant simads34 from a foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) EMS mutant library. The mutant showed significantly altered inflorescence architecture and decreased grain yield. Investigation of agronomic traits revealed increased panicle width by 16.8%, primary branch length by 10%, and number of primary branches by 30.9%, but reduced panicle length by 25.2%, and grain weight by 25.5% in simads34 compared with wild-type plants. Genetic analysis of a simads34 × SSR41 F population indicated that the simads34 phenotype was controlled by a recessive gene. Map-based cloning and bulked-segregant analysis sequencing demonstrated that a single G-to-A transition in the fifth intron of SiMADS34 in the mutant led to an alternative splicing event and caused an early termination codon in this causal gene. SiMADS34 mRNA was expressed in all of the tissues tested, with high expression levels at the heading and panicle development stages. Subcellular localization analysis showed that simads34 predominantly accumulated in the nucleus. Transcriptome sequencing identified 241 differentially expressed genes related to inflorescence development, cell expansion, cell division, meristem growth and peroxide stress in simads34. Notably, an SPL14-MADS34-RCN pathway was validated through both RNA-seq and qPCR tests, indicating the putative molecular mechanisms regulating inflorescence development by SiMADS34. Our study identified a novel MADS-box member in foxtail millet and provided a useful genetic resource for inflorescence architecture and grain yield research.

Citing Articles

Construction of a genetic linkage map and QTL mapping of the agronomic traits in Foxtail millet (Setaria italica).

Gao L, Zhu Q, Li H, Wang S, Fan J, Wang T BMC Genomics. 2025; 26(1):152.

PMID: 39962405 PMC: 11834306. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-11169-2.

Efficient identification of QTL for agronomic traits in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) using RTM- and MLM-GWAS.

Dai K, Wang X, Liu H, Qiao P, Wang J, Shi W Theor Appl Genet. 2024; 137(1):18.

PMID: 38206376 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04522-8.

Genome-wide identification of the MIKCc-type MADS-box gene family in reveals their roles in the capitulum development.

Li J, Zhang Q, Kong D, Pu Y, Wen X, Dai S Front Plant Sci. 2023; 14:1153490.

PMID: 37035079 PMC: 10076714. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1153490.

Molecular evolution, diversification, and expression assessment of MADS gene family in Setaria italica, Setaria viridis, and Panicum virgatum.

Gao H, Suo X, Zhao L, Ma X, Cheng R, Wang G Plant Cell Rep. 2023; 42(6):1003-1024.

PMID: 37012438 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03009-6.

Identification and haplotype analysis of SiCHLI: a gene for yellow-green seedling as morphological marker to accelerate foxtail millet (Setaria italica) hybrid breeding.

Liang H, He Q, Zhang H, Zhi H, Tang S, Wang H Theor Appl Genet. 2023; 136(1):24.

PMID: 36739566 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04309-x.

References

Agrawal G, Abe K, Yamazaki M, Miyao A, Hirochika H . Conservation of the E-function for floral organ identity in rice revealed by the analysis of tissue culture-induced loss-of-function mutants of the OsMADS1 gene. Plant Mol Biol. 2005; 59(1):125-35. DOI: 10.1007/s11103-005-2161-y. View

Arora R, Agarwal P, Ray S, Singh A, Singh V, Tyagi A . MADS-box gene family in rice: genome-wide identification, organization and expression profiling during reproductive development and stress. BMC Genomics. 2007; 8:242. PMC: 1947970. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-242. View

Barker E, Ashton N . A parsimonious model of lineage-specific expansion of MADS-box genes in Physcomitrella patens. Plant Cell Rep. 2013; 32(8):1161-77. DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1411-8. View

Bassam B, Caetano-Anolles G, Gresshoff P . Fast and sensitive silver staining of DNA in polyacrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 1991; 196(1):80-3. DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(91)90120-i. View

Bloomer R, Dean C . Fine-tuning timing: natural variation informs the mechanistic basis of the switch to flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot. 2017; 68(20):5439-5452. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx270. View

Doust A, Devos K, Gadberry M, Gale M, Kellogg E . The genetic basis for inflorescence variation between foxtail and green millet (poaceae). Genetics. 2005; 169(3):1659-72. PMC: 1449545. DOI: 10.1534/genetics.104.035543. View

Gao X, Liang W, Yin C, Ji S, Wang H, Su X . The SEPALLATA-like gene OsMADS34 is required for rice inflorescence and spikelet development. Plant Physiol. 2010; 153(2):728-40. PMC: 2879775. DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.156711. View

Goodstein D, Shu S, Howson R, Neupane R, Hayes R, Fazo J . Phytozome: a comparative platform for green plant genomics. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011; 40(Database issue):D1178-86. PMC: 3245001. DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr944. View

Gramzow L, Ritz M, Theissen G . On the origin of MADS-domain transcription factors. Trends Genet. 2010; 26(4):149-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2010.01.004. View

10.

Heng Y, Wu C, Long Y, Luo S, Ma J, Chen J . OsALMT7 Maintains Panicle Size and Grain Yield in Rice by Mediating Malate Transport. Plant Cell. 2018; 30(4):889-906. PMC: 5969278. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00998. View

11.

Heuer S, Hansen S, Bantin J, Brettschneider R, Kranz E, Lorz H . The maize MADS box gene ZmMADS3 affects node number and spikelet development and is co-expressed with ZmMADS1 during flower development, in egg cells, and early embryogenesis. Plant Physiol. 2001; 127(1):33-45. PMC: 117960. DOI: 10.1104/pp.127.1.33. View

12.

Hu L, Liu S . Genome-wide analysis of the MADS-box gene family in cucumber. Genome. 2012; 55(3):245-56. DOI: 10.1139/g2012-009. View

13.

Huang P, Feldman M, Schroder S, Bahri B, Diao X, Zhi H . Population genetics of Setaria viridis, a new model system. Mol Ecol. 2014; 23(20):4912-25. DOI: 10.1111/mec.12907. View

14.

Jack T . Molecular and genetic mechanisms of floral control. Plant Cell. 2004; 16 Suppl:S1-17. PMC: 2643400. DOI: 10.1105/tpc.017038. View

15.

Jia G, Shi S, Wang C, Niu Z, Chai Y, Zhi H . Molecular diversity and population structure of Chinese green foxtail [Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.] revealed by microsatellite analysis. J Exp Bot. 2013; 64(12):3645-56. PMC: 3745726. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert198. View

16.

Jia G, Huang X, Zhi H, Zhao Y, Zhao Q, Li W . A haplotype map of genomic variations and genome-wide association studies of agronomic traits in foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Nat Genet. 2013; 45(8):957-61. DOI: 10.1038/ng.2673. View

17.

Kobayashi K, Maekawa M, Miyao A, Hirochika H, Kyozuka J . PANICLE PHYTOMER2 (PAP2), encoding a SEPALLATA subfamily MADS-box protein, positively controls spikelet meristem identity in rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 2009; 51(1):47-57. PMC: 2807174. DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcp166. View

18.

Leseberg C, Li A, Kang H, Duvall M, Mao L . Genome-wide analysis of the MADS-box gene family in Populus trichocarpa. Gene. 2006; 378:84-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2006.05.022. View

19.

Liu C, Teo Z, Bi Y, Song S, Xi W, Yang X . A conserved genetic pathway determines inflorescence architecture in Arabidopsis and rice. Dev Cell. 2013; 24(6):612-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2013.02.013. View

20.

Lu H, Zhang J, Liu K, Wu N, Li Y, Zhou K . Earliest domestication of common millet (Panicum miliaceum) in East Asia extended to 10,000 years ago. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009; 106(18):7367-72. PMC: 2678631. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0900158106. View