Underpotential Lithium Plating on Graphite Anodes Caused by Temperature Heterogeneity

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2020 Nov 10

PMID 33168752

Citations 8

Authors

Hansen Wang

Yangying Zhu

Sang Cheol Kim

Allen Pei

Yanbin Li

David T Boyle

Hongxia Wang

Zewen Zhang

Yusheng Ye

William Huang

Yayuan Liu

Jinwei Xu

Jun Li

Fang Liu

Yi Cui

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Rechargeability and operational safety of commercial lithium (Li)-ion batteries demand further improvement. Plating of metallic Li on graphite anodes is a critical reason for Li-ion battery capacity decay and short circuit. It is generally believed that Li plating is caused by the slow kinetics of graphite intercalation, but in this paper, we demonstrate that thermodynamics also serves a crucial role. We show that a nonuniform temperature distribution within the battery can make local plating of Li above 0 V vs. Li/Li (room temperature) thermodynamically favorable. This phenomenon is caused by temperature-dependent shifts of the equilibrium potential of Li/Li Supported by simulation results, we confirm the likelihood of this failure mechanism during commercial Li-ion battery operation, including both slow and fast charging conditions. This work furthers the understanding of nonuniform Li plating and will inspire future studies to prolong the cycling lifetime of Li-ion batteries.

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