Clinical Management of Uveal Melanoma: a Comprehensive Review with a Treatment Algorithm

Overview

Journal Radiat Oncol J

Specialty Oncology

Date 2020 Oct 4

PMID 33012143

Citations 12

Authors

Mutlay Sayan

Swati Mamidanna

Damla Oncel

Imraan Jan

Irina Vergalasova

Joseph Weiner

Nisha Ohri

Banu Acikalin

Anupama Chundury

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Uveal melanoma (UM), the most frequently occurring non-cutaneous melanoma and most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults, arises from the melanocytes of the choroid in approximately 95% of cases. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is vital as primary tumor size is one of the key factors associated with survival. Despite recent advances in management, more than half of the patients develop metastatic disease which portends poor survival. Currently, treatment options for UM include local resection, enucleation, plaque brachytherapy, and/or particle beam radiotherapy (RT). Enucleation was initially the standard of care in the management of UM, but a shift towards eye-preserving therapeutic choices such as RT and local resection has been noted in recent decades. Plaque brachytherapy, a form of localized RT, is the most popular option and is now the preferred treatment modality for UM. In this review we discuss the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation and diagnosis of UM and place a special emphasis on therapeutic options. Furthermore, we review the current literature on UM management and propose a functional treatment algorithm for non-metastatic disease.

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