Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease

Overview

Journal Mol Neurodegener

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialties Molecular Biology
Neurology

Date 2020 Jul 18

PMID 32677986

Citations 333

Authors

Tiantian Guo

Denghong Zhang

Yuzhe Zeng

Timothy Y Huang

Huaxi Xu

Yingjun Zhao

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder seen in age-dependent dementia. There is currently no effective treatment for AD, which may be attributed in part to lack of a clear underlying mechanism. Studies within the last few decades provide growing evidence for a central role of amyloid β (Aβ) and tau, as well as glial contributions to various molecular and cellular pathways in AD pathogenesis. Herein, we review recent progress with respect to Aβ- and tau-associated mechanisms, and discuss glial dysfunction in AD with emphasis on neuronal and glial receptors that mediate Aβ-induced toxicity. We also discuss other critical factors that may affect AD pathogenesis, including genetics, aging, variables related to environment, lifestyle habits, and describe the potential role of apolipoprotein E (APOE), viral and bacterial infection, sleep, and microbiota. Although we have gained much towards understanding various aspects underlying this devastating neurodegenerative disorder, greater commitment towards research in molecular mechanism, diagnostics and treatment will be needed in future AD research.

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