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The Role of Family Factors in Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Adherence Self-efficacy Among HIV-infected Adolescents in Southern Uganda

Overview
Journal BMC Public Health
Publisher Biomed Central
Specialty Public Health
Date 2020 Mar 19
PMID 32183762
Citations 21
Authors
Proscovia Nabunya
Ozge Sensoy Bahar
Bin Chen
Daji Dvalishvili
Christopher Damulira
Fred M Ssewamala
Affiliations
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Abstract

Background: Adolescents living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa are a vulnerable group at the intersection of poverty and health disparities. The family is a vital microsystem that provides financial and emotional support to achieve optimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. In this study, we explore the association between family factors and ART adherence self-efficacy, a significant psychological concept playing a critical role in ART adherence.

Methods: Data from an NIH-funded study called Suubi + Adherence, an economic empowerment intervention for HIV positive adolescents (average age = 12.4 years) in southern Uganda was analyzed. We conducted multilevel regression analyses to explore the protective family factors, measured by family cohesion, child-caregiver communication and perceived child-caregiver support, associated with ART adherence self-efficacy.

Results: The average age was 12.4 years and 56.4% of participants were female. The average household size was 5.7 people, with 2.3 children> 18 years. Controlling for sociodemographic and household characteristics, family cohesion (β = 0.397, p = 0.000) and child-caregiver communication (β = 0.118, p = 0.026) were significantly associated with adherence self-efficacy to ART.

Conclusion: Findings point to the need to strengthen family cohesion and communication within families if we are to enhance adherence self-efficacy among adolescents living with HIV.

Trial Registration: This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number: NCT01790373) on 13 February 2013.

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