Egg Genotyping Reveals the Possibility of Patent Ancylostoma Caninum Infection in Human Intestine

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2020 Feb 22

PMID 32080267

Citations 13

Authors

Luis Fernando Viana Furtado

Lucas Teixeira de Oliveira Dias

Thais de Oliveira Rodrigues

Vivian Jordania da Silva

Valeria Nayara Gomes Mendes de Oliveira

Elida Mara Leite Rabelo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Hookworms are intestinal parasites that cause major public health problems, especially in developing countries. To differentiate eggs from different hookworm species, it is necessary to use molecular methodologies, since the eggs are morphologically similar. Here, we performed the molecular identification of single hookworm eggs from six Brazilian states. Of the 634 eggs individually analyzed, 98.1% (622/634) represented Necator americanus, and surprisingly, 1.9% (12/634 eggs from the same patient) represented Ancylostoma caninum. DNA analysis of the A. caninum-positive stool sample revealed no contamination with animal feces. This is the first report of the presence of A. caninum eggs in human feces, which may have a direct implication for the epidemiology of hookworm infection caused by this species. This suggests the need for special attention regarding prophylaxis, as different reservoirs, previously not described, may have great relevance for the spread of A. caninum.

Citing Articles

Clinical and laboratory findings of hookworms ( spp.) in naturally infected adult dogs.

Dos Santos B, da Silva N, Mora S, Justo A, Schmidt E, Takahira R Braz J Vet Med. 2025; 46():e007724.

PMID: 39816237 PMC: 11734537. DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm007724.

Identification of Ancylostoma caninum in Domestic Dogs from Ecuador via Various Techniques.

Coello Peralta R, Andrada A, Vinueza R, Pazmino Gomez B, Valencia Gonzaga E, Rodriguez Burnham E Med Sci Monit. 2025; 31():e947069.

PMID: 39754349 PMC: 11707950. DOI: 10.12659/MSM.947069.

Anthroponotic and Zoonotic Hookworm DNA in an Indigenous Community in Coastal Ecuador: Potential Cross-Transmission between Dogs and Humans.

Calvopina M, Aguilar-Rodriguez D, DeGroot A, Cevallos W, Lee G, Lopez A Pathogens. 2024; 13(8).

PMID: 39204210 PMC: 11357513. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13080609.

Predicting the risk and speed of drug resistance emerging in soil-transmitted helminths during preventive chemotherapy.

Coffeng L, Stolk W, de Vlas S Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):1099.

PMID: 38321011 PMC: 10847116. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45027-2.

Altered larval activation response associated with multidrug resistance in the canine hookworm .

McKean E, Grill E, Choi Y, Mitreva M, OHalloran D, Hawdon J Parasitology. 2024; 151(3):271-281.

PMID: 38163962 PMC: 11007283. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182023001385.

References

Murray C, Vos T, Lozano R, Naghavi M, Flaxman A, Michaud C . Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012; 380(9859):2197-223. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4. View

Hoogerwerf M, Coffeng L, Brienen E, Janse J, Langenberg M, Kruize Y . New Insights Into the Kinetics and Variability of Egg Excretion in Controlled Human Hookworm Infections. J Infect Dis. 2019; 220(6):1044-1048. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz218. View

Koide K . [Epidemiological observations on Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus and Trichostrongylus orientalis infestations in Niigata Prefecture, Japan]. Niigata Igakkai Zasshi. 1961; 75:1164-81. View

Hasslinger M . [Helminths of carnivores relevant to veterinary practice]. Tierarztl Prax. 1986; 14(2):265-73. View

Loukas A, Hotez P, Diemert D, Yazdanbakhsh M, McCarthy J, Correa-Oliveira R . Hookworm infection. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016; 2:16088. DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.88. View

Pan S, Ward D, Yin Y, Hu Y, Elfawal M, Clark R . Cognitive and Microbiome Impacts of Experimental Ancylostoma ceylanicum Hookworm Infections in Hamsters. Sci Rep. 2019; 9(1):7868. PMC: 6536493. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44301-4. View

Prociv P, Croese J . Human enteric infection with Ancylostoma caninum: hookworms reappraised in the light of a "new" zoonosis. Acta Trop. 1996; 62(1):23-44. DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(96)00016-2. View

Croese J, Loukas A, Opdebeeck J, Fairley S, Prociv P . Human enteric infection with canine hookworms. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120(5):369-74. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-120-5-199403010-00003. View

Landmann J, Prociv P . Experimental human infection with the dog hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum. Med J Aust. 2003; 178(2):69-71. DOI: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2003.tb05222.x. View

10.

George S, Levecke B, Kattula D, Velusamy V, Roy S, Geldhof P . Molecular Identification of Hookworm Isolates in Humans, Dogs and Soil in a Tribal Area in Tamil Nadu, India. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016; 10(8):e0004891. PMC: 4972381. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004891. View

11.

Oliveira-Arbex A, David E, Oliveira-Sequeira T, Katagiri S, Coradi S, Guimaraes S . Molecular identification of Ancylostoma species from dogs and an assessment of zoonotic risk in low-income households, São Paulo State, Brazil. J Helminthol. 2016; 91(1):14-19. DOI: 10.1017/S0022149X15001145. View

12.

Liu Y, Zheng G, Alsarakibi M, Zhang X, Hu W, Lu P . Molecular identification of Ancylostoma caninum isolated from cats in southern China based on complete ITS sequence. Biomed Res Int. 2013; 2013:868050. PMC: 3794661. DOI: 10.1155/2013/868050. View

13.

Chidambaram M, Parija S, Toi P, Mandal J, Sankaramoorthy D, George S . Evaluation of the utility of conventional polymerase chain reaction for detection and species differentiation in human hookworm infections. Trop Parasitol. 2017; 7(2):111-116. PMC: 5652048. DOI: 10.4103/tp.TP_26_17. View

14.

Sahimin N, Lim Y, Douadi B, Khalid M, Wilson J, Behnke J . Hookworm infections among migrant workers in Malaysia: Molecular identification of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale. Acta Trop. 2017; 173:109-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.06.011. View

15.

Furtado L, Rabelo E . Development of a new amplification-refractory mutation system for detection of a single nucleotide polymorphism linked to drug resistance in Ancylostoma caninum. Genet Mol Res. 2015; 14(2):5103-11. DOI: 10.4238/2015.May.12.13. View

16.

Rabelo E, de Miranda R, Furtado L, Redondo R, Tennessen J, Blouin M . Development of new microsatellites for the hookworm Ancylostoma caninum and analysis of genetic diversity in Brazilian populations. Infect Genet Evol. 2017; 51:24-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.03.008. View

17.

Miranda R, Tennessen J, Blouin M, Rabelo E . Mitochondrial DNA variation of the dog hookworm Ancylostoma caninum in Brazilian populations. Vet Parasitol. 2007; 151(1):61-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.09.027. View

18.

Ngui R, Lim Y, Chua K . Rapid detection and identification of human hookworm infections through high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. PLoS One. 2012; 7(7):e41996. PMC: 3406038. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041996. View

19.

Hii S, Senevirathna D, Llewellyn S, Inpankaew T, Odermatt P, Khieu V . Development and Evaluation of a Multiplex Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Hookworm Species in Human Stool. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018; 99(5):1186-1193. PMC: 6221243. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0276. View

20.

Ngui R, Ching L, Kai T, Roslan M, Lim Y . Molecular identification of human hookworm infections in economically disadvantaged communities in Peninsular Malaysia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012; 86(5):837-42. PMC: 3335690. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0446. View