The Influencing Factors and Functions of DNA G-quadruplexes

Overview

Journal Cell Biochem Funct

Specialties Biochemistry
Cell Biology

Date 2020 Feb 15

PMID 32056246

Citations 12

Authors

Wen-Fang Yuan

Lin-Yan Wan

Hu Peng

Yuan-Mei Zhong

Wen-Li Cai

Yan-Qiong Zhang

Wen-Bing Ai

Jiang-Feng Wu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

G-quadruplexes form folded structures because of tandem repeats of guanine sequences in DNA or RNA. They adopt a variety of conformations, depending on many factors, including the type of loops and cations, the nucleotide strand number, and the main strand polarity of the G-quadruplex. Meanwhile, the different conformations of G-quadruplexes have certain influences on their biological functions, such as the inhibition of transcription, translation, and DNA replication. In addition, G-quadruplex binding proteins also affect the structure and function of G-quadruplexes. Some chemically synthesized G-quadruplex sequences have been shown to have biological activities. For example, bimolecular G-quadruplexes of AS1411 act as targets of exogenous drugs that inhibit the proliferation of malignant tumours. G-quadruplexes are also used as vehicles to deliver nanoparticles. Thus, it is important to identify the factors that influence G-quadruplex structures and maintain the stability of G-quadruplexes. Herein, we mainly discuss the factors influencing G-quadruplexes and the synthetic G-quadruplex, AS1411. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: This review summarizes the factors that influence G-quadruplexes and the functions of the synthetic G-quadruplex, AS1411. It also discusses the use of G-quadruplexes for drug delivery in tumour therapy.

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