Blood Lead and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Among Elderly Men in Zutphen, The Netherlands

Overview

Journal Environ Health Perspect

Date 1988 Jun 1

PMID 3203644

Citations 13

Authors

D Kromhout

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Information about blood lead and other coronary heart disease risk factors was collected in 1977 among 152 men aged 57 to 76 years in the town of Zutphen, the Netherlands. Blood lead was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The blood lead distribution was skewed to the right. The median blood lead concentration was 167 micrograms/L, and the mean was 183 micrograms/L. Blood lead levels above 300 micrograms/L were present among 8.6% and levels above 400 micrograms/L among 1.3% of the Zutphen men. Blood lead was of borderline significance to cigarette smoking. After both univariate and multivariate analyses, a significant association was found between blood lead and blood pressure. This relation was stronger for systolic than for diastolic blood pressure. Of the 141 elderly men free of coronary heart disease in 1977, 26 developed coronary heart disease between 1977 and 1985. Blood lead was not associated with coronary heart disease incidence in both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Citing Articles

Contaminant Metals and Cardiovascular Health.

Lundin K, Qadeer Y, Wang Z, Virani S, Leischik R, Lavie C J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2023; 10(11).

PMID: 37998508 PMC: 10671885. DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10110450.

Associations between Blood Lead Levels and Coronary Artery Stenosis Measured Using Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography.

Kim S, Kang W, Cho S, Lim D, Yoo Y, Park R Environ Health Perspect. 2021; 129(2):27006.

PMID: 33621129 PMC: 7901725. DOI: 10.1289/EHP7351.

Environmental heavy metals and cardiovascular diseases: Status and future direction.

Yang A, Lo K, Zheng T, Yang J, Bai Y, Feng Y Chronic Dis Transl Med. 2020; 6(4):251-259.

PMID: 33336170 PMC: 7729107. DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2020.02.005.

Environmental toxic metal contaminants and risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chowdhury R, Ramond A, OKeeffe L, Shahzad S, Kunutsor S, Muka T BMJ. 2018; 362:k3310.

PMID: 30158148 PMC: 6113772. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k3310.

Declining exposures to lead and cadmium contribute to explaining the reduction of cardiovascular mortality in the US population, 1988-2004.

Ruiz-Hernandez A, Navas-Acien A, Pastor-Barriuso R, Crainiceanu C, Redon J, Guallar E Int J Epidemiol. 2017; 46(6):1903-1912.

PMID: 29025072 PMC: 5837785. DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyx176.

References

Keys A, ARAVANIS C, BLACKBURN H, VAN BUCHEM F, BUZINA R, DJORDJEVIC B . Epidemiological studies related to coronary heart disease: characteristics of men aged 40-59 in seven countries. Acta Med Scand Suppl. 1966; 460:1-392. View

VOORS A . Does lithium depletion cause atherosclerotic heart-disease?. Lancet. 1969; 2(7634):1337-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90868-x. View

Klevay L . Coronary heart disease: the zinc/copper hypothesis. Am J Clin Nutr. 1975; 28(7):764-74. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/28.7.764. View

Beevers D, Campbell B, GOLDBERG A, Moore M, Hawthorne V . Blood-cadmium in hypertensives and normotensives. Lancet. 1976; 2(7997):1222-4. DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91145-4. View

del Castilho P, Herber R . The rapid determination of cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in whole blood by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization. Improvements in precision with a peak-shape monitoring device. Anal Chim Acta. 1977; 94(2):269-74. DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(01)84526-8. View

Beevers D, Cruickshank J, YEOMAN W, CARTER G, GOLDBERG A, Moore M . Blood-lead and cadmium in human hypertension. J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1980; 4(2-3):251-60. View

Pocock S, Shaper A, Ashby D, Delves H, Clayton B . The relationship between blood lead, blood pressure, stroke, and heart attacks in middle-aged British men. Environ Health Perspect. 1988; 78:23-30. PMC: 1474625. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.887823. View

Shaper A, Pocock S, Walker M, Wale C, Clayton B, Delves H . Effects of alcohol and smoking on blood lead in middle-aged British men. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1982; 284(6312):299-302. PMC: 1495866. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.284.6312.299. View

Elinder C, Friberg L, Lind B, Jawaid M . Lead and cadmium levels in blood samples from the general population of Sweden. Environ Res. 1983; 30(1):233-53. DOI: 10.1016/0013-9351(83)90183-4. View

10.

Friberg L, Vahter M . Assessment of exposure to lead and cadmium through biological monitoring: results of a UNEP/WHO global study. Environ Res. 1983; 30(1):95-128. DOI: 10.1016/0013-9351(83)90171-8. View

11.

PERRY Jr H, Kopp S . Does cadmium contribute to human hypertension. Sci Total Environ. 1983; 26(3):223-32. DOI: 10.1016/0048-9697(83)90140-7. View

12.

Pocock S, Shaper A, Ashby D, Delves T, Whitehead T . Blood lead concentration, blood pressure, and renal function. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984; 289(6449):872-4. PMC: 1443446. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.289.6449.872. View

13.

HARLAN W, Landis J, Schmouder R, Goldstein N, Harlan L . Blood lead and blood pressure. Relationship in the adolescent and adult US population. JAMA. 1985; 253(4):530-4. DOI: 10.1001/jama.253.4.530. View

14.

Manthey J, Stoeppler M, Morgenstern W, Nussel E, Opherk D, Weintraut A . Magnesium and trace metals: risk factors for coronary heart disease? Association between blood levels and angiographic findings. Circulation. 1981; 64(4):722-9. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.64.4.722. View