The Impact of PARPs and ADP-ribosylation on Inflammation and Host-pathogen Interactions

Overview

Journal Genes Dev

Specialty Molecular Biology

Date 2020 Feb 8

PMID 32029454

Citations 127

Authors

Anthony R Fehr

Sasha A Singh

Catherine M Kerr

Shin Mukai

Hideyuki Higashi

Masanori Aikawa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerases (PARPs) promote ADP-ribosylation, a highly conserved, fundamental posttranslational modification (PTM). PARP catalytic domains transfer the ADP-ribose moiety from NAD to amino acid residues of target proteins, leading to mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation (MARylation or PARylation). This PTM regulates various key biological and pathological processes. In this review, we focus on the roles of the PARP family members in inflammation and host-pathogen interactions. Here we give an overview the current understanding of the mechanisms by which PARPs promote or suppress proinflammatory activation of macrophages, and various roles PARPs play in virus infections. We also demonstrate how innovative technologies, such as proteomics and systems biology, help to advance this research field and describe unanswered questions.

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