Mutations in Orthologous PETALOSA TOE-type Genes Cause a Dominant Double-flower Phenotype in Phylogenetically Distant Eudicots

Overview

Journal J Exp Bot

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Biology

Date 2020 Jan 22

PMID 31960023

Citations 18

Authors

Stefano Gattolin

Marco Cirilli

Stefania Chessa

Alessandra Stella

Daniele Bassi

Laura Rossini

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The double-flower phenotype has been selected by humans for its attractiveness in various plant species and it is of great commercial value for the ornamental market. In this study we investigated the genetic determinant of the dominant double-flower trait in carnation, petunia, and Rosa rugosa, and identified mutant alleles of TARGET OF EAT (TOE)-type genes characterized by a disruption of the miR172 target sequence and of the C-terminal portion of the encoded protein. Despite the phylogenetic distance between these eudicots, which diverged in the early Cretaceous, the orthologous genes carrying these mutations all belong to a single TOE-type subgroup, which we name as PETALOSA (PET). Homology searches allowed us to identify PET sequences in various other species. To confirm the results from naturally occurring mutations, we used CrispR-Cas9 to induce lesions within the miR172 target site of Nicotiana tabacum PET genes, and this resulted in the development of supernumerary petaloid structures. This study describes pet alleles in economically important ornamental species and provides evidence about the possibility of identifying and engineering PET genes to obtain the desirable double-flower trait in different plants.

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