Magnetic Dispersive Solid-phase Extraction Using a Zeolite-based Composite for Direct Electrochemical Determination of Lead(II) in Urine Using Screen-printed Electrodes

Overview

Journal Mikrochim Acta

Specialties Biotechnology
Chemistry

Date 2020 Jan 4

PMID 31897613

Citations 2

Authors

Elena Fernandez

Lorena Vidal

Joaquin Silvestre-Albero

Antonio Canals

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction (MDSPE) is combined with electrochemical detection by using a screen-printed carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles to determine lead(II). A zeolite-based magnetic composite was used as sorbent during sample preparation, thus combining the unique properties of zeolites as sorbent materials with the remarkable advantages provided by magnetic materials. Three different zeolite-based magnetic composites were initially investigated and characterized. ZSM-5/FeO treated with HNO (ZSM-5/FeO) was finally selected as sorbent. Lead was extracted from urine samples using ZSM-5/FeO. After extraction, the phases were separated by using an external magnet. Subsequently, the magnetic composite carrying the analyte was directly deposited onto the working electrode of a modified screen-printed carbon electrode for final electrochemical detection. Thereby, the elution and detection of Pb(II) were carried out in a single step. A multivariate approach was employed to optimize the experimental parameters affecting extraction. Under optimized conditions and at a typical working potential of -0.23 V (vs. Ag pseudo-reference electrode), response is linear in the 0 to 25 μg L Pb(II) concentration range. The empirical limit of detection ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 μg L. The method was used to analyze Pb(II)-spiked urine samples, and apparent recoveries ranged between 99 and 107%, with coefficients of variation of <20%. Graphical abstractSchematic presentation of the analytical method to determine lead(II) in urine samples. Magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction using a zeolite-based composite (ZSM-5/Fe2O3(tr)) is directly combined with electrochemical detection by using a screen-printed carbon electrode modified with gold nanoparticles (SPCnAuE).

Citing Articles

Accumulation of essential (copper, iron, zinc) and non-essential (lead, cadmium) heavy metals in Caulerpa racemosa, sea water, and marine sediments of Bintan Island, Indonesia.

Razai T, Thamrin , Nofrizal , Amrifo V, Pardi H, Pangestiansyah Putra I F1000Res. 2022; 10:699.

PMID: 35285605 PMC: 8894816. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.54445.2.

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks for use in electrochemical and optical chemical sensing and biosensing: a review.

Zhang J, Tan Y, Song W Mikrochim Acta. 2020; 187(4):234.

PMID: 32180011 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4173-3.

References

Rose C, Parker A, Jefferson B, Cartmell E . The Characterization of Feces and Urine: A Review of the Literature to Inform Advanced Treatment Technology. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol. 2015; 45(17):1827-1879. PMC: 4500995. DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2014.1000761. View

Pillai A, Jain A, Verma K . Headspace single-drop microextraction and fibre optics-based cuvetteless micro-spectrophotometry for the determination of chloride involving oxidation with permanganate. Talanta. 2010; 80(5):1816-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2009.10.027. View

Hemmati M, Rajabi M, Asghari A . Magnetic nanoparticle based solid-phase extraction of heavy metal ions: A review on recent advances. Mikrochim Acta. 2018; 185(3):160. DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2670-4. View

Saljooghi A, Saljoghi Z . Natural analcime zeolite modified with 2,3,5,6-tetra(2-pyridyl)pyrazine for preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of cadmium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Toxicol Ind Health. 2011; 28(9):771-8. DOI: 10.1177/0748233711422730. View

Filik H, Avan A . Conducting polymer modified screen-printed carbon electrode coupled with magnetic solid phase microextraction for determination of caffeine. Food Chem. 2017; 242:301-307. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.068. View

Herrero E, Buller L, Abruna H . Underpotential deposition at single crystal surfaces of Au, Pt, Ag and other materials. Chem Rev. 2001; 101(7):1897-930. DOI: 10.1021/cr9600363. View

Yantasee W, Lin Y, Hongsirikarn K, Fryxell G, Addleman R, Timchalk C . Electrochemical sensors for the detection of lead and other toxic heavy metals: the next generation of personal exposure biomonitors. Environ Health Perspect. 2007; 115(12):1683-90. PMC: 2137133. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.10190. View

GOLDWATER L, HOOVER A . An international study of "normal" levels of lead in blood and urine. Arch Environ Health. 1967; 15(1):60-3. DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1967.10664874. View

Baile P, Fernandez E, Vidal L, Canals A . Zeolites and zeolite-based materials in extraction and microextraction techniques. Analyst. 2018; 144(2):366-387. DOI: 10.1039/c8an01194j. View

10.

Fernandez E, Vidal L, Canals A . Zeolite/iron oxide composite as sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes from water samples prior to gas chromatography⬜mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2016; 1458:18-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.06.049. View

11.

Rostampour L, Taher M . Determination of trace amounts of vanadium by UV-vis spectrophotometric after separation and preconcentration with modified natural clinoptilolite as a new sorbent. Talanta. 2008; 75(5):1279-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2008.01.045. View

12.

Costas-Mora I, Romero V, Pena-Pereira F, Lavilla I, Bendicho C . Quantum dot-based headspace single-drop microextraction technique for optical sensing of volatile species. Anal Chem. 2011; 83(6):2388-93. DOI: 10.1021/ac103223e. View

13.

Fernandez E, Vidal L, Iniesta J, Metters J, Banks C, Canals A . Screen-printed electrode-based electrochemical detector coupled with in-situ ionic-liquid-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013; 406(8):2197-204. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7415-y. View

14.

Ruiz F, Ripoll L, Hidalgo M, Canals A . Dispersive micro solid-phase extraction (DµSPE) with graphene oxide as adsorbent for sensitive elemental analysis of aqueous samples by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Talanta. 2018; 191:162-170. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.044. View

15.

Yantasee W, Hongsirikarn K, Warner C, Choi D, Sangvanich T, Toloczko M . Direct detection of Pb in urine and Cd, Pb, Cu, and Ag in natural waters using electrochemical sensors immobilized with DMSA functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Analyst. 2008; 133(3):348-55. DOI: 10.1039/b711199a. View

16.

Sun T, Wang D, Tang Y, Xing X, Zhuang J, Cheng J . Fabric-phase sorptive extraction coupled with ion mobility spectrometry for on-site rapid detection of PAHs in aquatic environment. Talanta. 2019; 195:109-116. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.018. View

17.

Choi S, Kim D, Jung O, Shim Y . A disposable chronocoulometric sensor for heavy metal ions using a diaminoterthiophene-modified electrode doped with graphene oxide. Anal Chim Acta. 2015; 892:77-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.08.037. View

18.

Malekpour A, Hajialigol S, Taher M . Study on solid-phase extraction and flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the selective determination of cadmium in water and plant samples with modified clinoptilolite. J Hazard Mater. 2009; 172(1):229-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.163. View

19.

Fernandez E, Vidal L, Costa-Garcia A, Canals A . Mercury determination in urine samples by gold nanostructured screen-printed carbon electrodes after vortex-assisted ionic liquid dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. Anal Chim Acta. 2016; 915:49-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.02.028. View

20.

Kefala G, Economou A . Polymer-coated bismuth film electrodes for the determination of trace metals by sequential-injection analysis/anodic stripping voltammetry. Anal Chim Acta. 2007; 576(2):283-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.06.006. View