Metabolism of Imidacloprid and Acetamiprid in Rainbow Trout and Rat

Overview

Journal Xenobiotica

Publisher Informa Healthcare

Specialties Biochemistry
Toxicology

Date 2019 Nov 15

PMID 31724896

Citations 3

Authors

Richard C Kolanczyk

Mark A Tapper

Barbara R Sheedy

Jose A Serrano

Affiliations

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Abstract

Providing an alternative to pyrethroids, organophosphates, and carbamates, the neonicotinoids are now the most widely used insecticides in the world. They are water soluble and relatively stable in soil and water which allows for run-off through surface waters and thus potentially impacting aquatic species and environments.While the mammalian metabolism of neonicotinoids has been studied extensively, there is a lack of understanding of their metabolism in fish species. The current study constitutes the first report of the metabolism of imidacloprid (IMI) and acetamiprid (AC) in rainbow trout.Formation of respective metabolites 5-hydroxy-imidacloprid and N-desmethyl-acetamiprid was conserved across orders of biological organization in both microsomal and liver slice assays.Michaelis-Menten kinetics were determined for the microsomal conversion of IMI to 5-hydroxy-imidacloprid in rainbow trout (Km = 79.2 µM; Vmax = 0.75 pmole/min/mg) and rat (Km = 158.7 µM; Vmax = 38.4 pmole/min/mg). Kinetics for the microsomal demethylation of AC to N-desmethyl-acetamiprid were determined in the rat (Km = 70.9 µM; Vmax = 10 pmoles/min/mg). N-desmethyl-acetamiprid was found in detectable but below quantifiable levels across the range of test concentrations which precluded a calculation of kinetic rate constants in rainbow trout (RBT).Ultimately, the formation of the metabolites 5-hydroxy-imidacloprid and N-desmethyl-acetamiprid was conserved across RBT and rat species.

Citing Articles

Characterization of Neonicotinoid Metabolites by Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolism in Poultry.

Dam-On A, Nimako C, Kulprasertsri S, Ikenaka Y, Yohannes Y, Nakayama S Toxics. 2024; 12(8).

PMID: 39195720 PMC: 11359332. DOI: 10.3390/toxics12080618.

Statement on the toxicological properties and maximum residue levels of acetamiprid and its metabolites.

Hernandez-Jerez A, Coja T, Paparella M, Price A, Henri J, Focks A EFSA J. 2024; 22(5):e8759.

PMID: 38751503 PMC: 11094581. DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8759.

metabolism assessment of thiacloprid in rainbow trout and rat by LC-UV and high resolution-mass spectrometry.

Serrano J, Kolanczyk R, Blackwell B, Sheedy B, Tapper M Xenobiotica. 2020; 51(5):536-548.

PMID: 33086928 PMC: 9536423. DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2020.1840658.

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