Divalent Cations Can Control a Switch-like Behavior in Heterotypic and Homotypic RNA Coacervates

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2019 Aug 23

PMID 31434954

Citations 43

Authors

Paulo L Onuchic

Anthony N Milin

Ibraheem Alshareedah

Ashok A Deniz

Priya R Banerjee

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of RNA-protein complexes plays a major role in the cellular function of membraneless organelles (MLOs). MLOs are sensitive to changes in cellular conditions, such as fluctuations in cytoplasmic ion concentrations. To investigate the effect of these changes on MLOs, we studied the influence of divalent cations on the physical and chemical properties of RNA coacervates. Using a model system comprised of an arginine-rich peptide and RNA, we predicted and observed that variations in signaling cations exert interaction-dependent effects on RNA LLPS. Changing the ionic environment has opposing effects on the propensity for heterotypic peptide-RNA and homotypic RNA LLPS, which results in a switch between coacervate types. Furthermore, divalent ion variations continuously tune the microenvironments and fluid properties of heterotypic and homotypic droplets. Our results may provide a general mechanism for modulating the biochemical environment of RNA coacervates in a cellular context.

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