Genome Engineering for Osteoarthritis: From Designer Cells to Disease-Modifying Drugs

Overview

Journal Tissue Eng Regen Med

Date 2019 Aug 16

PMID 31413938

Citations 12

Authors

Yun-Rak Choi

Kelsey H Collins

Jin-Woo Lee

Ho-Jung Kang

Farshid Guilak

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent degenerative joint disease involving joint cartilage and its surrounding tissues. OA is the leading cause of pain and disability worldwide. At present, there are no disease-modifying OA drugs, and the primary therapies include exercise and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs until total joint replacement at the end-stage of the disease.

Methods: In this review, we summarized the current state of knowledge in genetic and epigenetic associations and risk factors for OA and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

Results: Genome-wide association studies and analysis of epigenetic modifications (such as miRNA expression, DNA methylation and histone modifications) conducted across various populations support the notion that there is a genetic basis for certain subsets of OA pathogenesis.

Conclusion: With recent advances in the development of genome editing technologies such as the CRISPR-Cas9 system, these genetic and epigenetic alternations in OA can be used as platforms from which potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, drug response, and development of potential personalized therapeutic targets for OA can be approached. Furthermore, genome editing has allowed the development of "designer" cells, whereby the receptors, gene regulatory networks, or transgenes can be modified as a basis for new cell-based therapies.

Citing Articles

Therapeutic Controlled Release Strategies for Human Osteoarthritis.

Wang D, Liu W, Venkatesan J, Madry H, Cucchiarini M Adv Healthc Mater. 2024; 14(2):e2402737.

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Emerging technology has a brilliant future: the CRISPR-Cas system for senescence, inflammation, and cartilage repair in osteoarthritis.

Jia S, Liang R, Chen J, Liao S, Lin J, Li W Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2024; 29(1):64.

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Cell Therapy Approaches for Articular Cartilage Regeneration.

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Advanced Gene Therapy Strategies for the Repair of ACL Injuries.

Amini M, Venkatesan J, Liu W, Leroux A, Nguyen T, Madry H Int J Mol Sci. 2022; 23(22).

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Osteoarthritis Progression: Mitigation and Rehabilitation Strategies.

Drummer D, McAdam J, Seay R, Ferrando A, Bridges Jr S, Singh J Front Rehabil Sci. 2022; 2:724052.

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