Bilingual Effects on Lexical Selection: A Neurodevelopmental Perspective

Overview

Journal Brain Lang

Publisher Elsevier

Specialties Neurology
Otorhinolaryngology
Psychiatry

Date 2019 Jun 29

PMID 31252177

Citations 12

Authors

Maria M Arredondo

Xiao-Su Hu

Teresa Satterfield

Akemi Tsutsumi Rioboo

Susan A Gelman

Ioulia Kovelman

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

When a listener hears a word, multiple lexical items may come to mind; for instance, /kæn/ may activate concepts with similar phonological onsets such as candy and candle. Acquisition of two lexicons may increase such linguistic competition. Using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy neuroimaging, we investigate whether bilingualism impacts word processing in the child's brain. Bilingual and monolingual children (N = 52; ages 7-10) completed a lexical selection task in English, where participants adjudicated phonological competitors (e.g., car/cat vs. car/pen). Children were less accurate and responded more slowly during competing than non-competing items. In doing so, children engaged top-down fronto-parietal regions associated with cognitive control. In comparison to bilinguals, monolinguals showed greater activity in left frontal regions, a difference possibly due to bilinguals' adaptation for dual-lexicons. These differences provide insight to theories aiming to explain the role of experience on children's emerging neural networks for lexical selection and language processing.

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