Pif1 Family DNA Helicases: A Helpmate to RNase H?

Overview

Journal DNA Repair (Amst)

Publisher Elsevier

Specialties Biochemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2019 Jun 25

PMID 31231063

Citations 19

Authors

Thomas J Pohl

Virginia A Zakian

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

An R-loop is a structure that forms when an RNA transcript stays bound to the DNA strand that encodes it and leaves the complementary strand exposed as a loop of single stranded DNA. R-loops accumulate when the processing of RNA transcripts is impaired. The failure to remove these RNA-DNA hybrids can lead to replication fork stalling and genome instability. Resolution of R-loops is thought to be mediated mainly by RNase H enzymes through the removal and degradation of the RNA in the hybrid. However, DNA helicases can also dismantle R-loops by displacing the bound RNA. In particular, the Pif1 family DNA helicases have been shown to regulate R-loop formation at specific genomic loci, such as tRNA genes and centromeres. Here we review the roles of Pif1 family helicases in vivo and in vitro and discuss evidence that Pif1 family helicases act on RNA-DNA hybrids and highlight their potential roles in complementing RNase H for R-loop resolution.

Citing Articles

53BP1 deficiency leads to hyperrecombination using break-induced replication (BIR).

Shah S, Li Y, Li S, Hu Q, Wu T, Shi Y Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):8648.

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G-quadruplexes are a source of vulnerability in deficient granule cell progenitors and medulloblastoma.

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The increase in cell death rates in caloric restricted cells of the yeast helicase mutant rrm3 is Sir complex dependent.

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TOF1 and RRM3 reveal a link between gene silencing and the pausing of replication forks.

Shaban K, Dolson A, Fisher A, Lessard E, Sauty S, Yankulov K Curr Genet. 2023; 69(4-6):235-249.

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