Kappa Free Light Chains is a Valid Tool in the Diagnostics of MS: A Large Multicenter Study

Overview

Journal Mult Scler

Publisher Sage Publications

Specialty Neurology

Date 2019 May 9

PMID 31066634

Citations 31

Authors

C E Leurs

Ham Twaalfhoven

B I Lissenberg-Witte

V van Pesch

I Dujmovic

J Drulovic

M Castellazzi

T Bellini

M Pugliatti

J Kuhle

L M Villar

J C Alvarez-Cermeno

R Alvarez-Lafuente

H Hegen

F Deisenhammer

L M Walchhofer

E Thouvenot

M Comabella

X Montalban

L Vecsei

C Rajda

D Galimberti

E Scarpini

A Altintas

K Rejdak

J L Frederiksen

G Pihl-Jensen

Peh Jensen

M Khalil

M M Voortman

F Fazekas

A Saiz

D La Puma

M Vercammen

L Vanopdenbosch

Bmj Uitdehaag

J Killestein

C Bridel

C Teunissen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: To validate kappa free light chain (KFLC) and lambda free light chain (LFLC) indices as a diagnostic biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: We performed a multicenter study including 745 patients from 18 centers (219 controls and 526 clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)/MS patients) with a known oligoclonal IgG band (OCB) status. KFLC and LFLC were measured in paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples. Gaussian mixture modeling was used to define a cut-off for KFLC and LFLC indexes.

Results: The cut-off for the KFLC index was 6.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 5.2-138.1). The cut-off for the LFLC index was 6.9 (95% CI = 4.5-22.2). For CIS/MS patients, sensitivity of the KFLC index (0.88; 95% CI = 0.85-0.90) was higher than OCB (0.82; 95%CI = 0.79-0.85; < 0.001), but specificity (0.83; 95% CI = 0.78-0.88) was lower (OCB = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.89-0.96; < 0.001). Both sensitivity and specificity for the LFLC index were lower than OCB.

Conclusion: Compared with OCB, the KFLC index is more sensitive but less specific for diagnosing CIS/MS. Lacking an elevated KFLC index is more powerful for excluding MS compared with OCB but the latter is more important for ruling in a diagnosis of CIS/MS.

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