The Interplay of Autophagy and Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer-Ways of Enhancing Immunotherapy Action

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2019 Apr 25

PMID 31013961

Citations 28

Authors

Evangelos Koustas

Panagiotis Sarantis

Georgia Kyriakopoulou

Athanasios G Papavassiliou

Michalis V Karamouzis

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Autophagy as a primary homeostatic and catabolic process is responsible for the degradation and recycling of proteins and cellular components. The mechanism of autophagy has a crucial role in several cellular functions and its dysregulation is associated with tumorigenesis, tumor-stroma interactions, and resistance to cancer therapy. A growing body of evidence suggests that autophagy is also a key regulator of the tumor microenvironment and cellular immune response in different types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Furthermore, autophagy is responsible for initiating the immune response especially when it precedes cell death. However, the role of autophagy in CRC and the tumor microenvironment remains controversial. In this review, we identify the role of autophagy in tumor microenvironment regulation and the specific mechanism by which autophagy is implicated in immune responses during CRC tumorigenesis and the context of anticancer therapy.

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