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The discovery of mammalian pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESC) has revolutionised cell research and regenerative medicine. More recently discovered chicken ESC (cESC), though less intensively studied, are increasingly popular as vaccine substrates due to a dearth of avian cell lines. Information on the comparative performance of cESC with common vaccine viruses is limited. Using RNA-sequencing, we compared cESC transcriptional programmes elicited by stimulation with chicken type I interferon or infection with vaccine viruses routinely propagated in primary chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF). We used poxviruses (fowlpox virus (FWPV) FP9, canarypox virus (CNPV), and modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)) and a birnavirus (infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) PBG98). Interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) were induced in cESC to levels comparable to those in CEF and immortalised chicken fibroblast DF-1 cells. cESC are permissive (with distinct host transcriptional responses) to MVA, FP9, and CNPV but, surprisingly, not to PBG98. MVA CNPV, and FP9 suppressed innate immune responses, while PBG98 induced a subset of ISGs. Dysregulation of signalling pathways (i.e., NFκB, TRAF) was observed, which might affect immune responses and viral replication. In conclusion, we show that cESC are an attractive alternative substrate to study and propagate poxvirus recombinant vaccine vectors.
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Birds: Opportunities and Challenges for Science and Agriculture.
Zahoor N, Arif A, Shuaib M, Jin K, Li B, Li Z Vet Sci. 2024; 11(12).
PMID: 39729006 PMC: 11680093. DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11120666.
Influence and Optimization of Diverse Culture Systems on Chicken Embryonic Stem Cell Culture.
Ren W, Wu J, Lu X, Zheng D, Liu G, Wu G Genes (Basel). 2024; 15(11).
PMID: 39596599 PMC: 11594110. DOI: 10.3390/genes15111400.
Effect of HDAC9 on the differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells into male germ cells.
Li X, Yu Y, Zhang Q, Luo X, Yu L, Zhao Z Anim Reprod. 2024; 21(2):e20240011.
PMID: 39021502 PMC: 11253783. DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0011.
Creating resistance to avian influenza infection through genome editing of the ANP32 gene family.
Idoko-Akoh A, Goldhill D, Sheppard C, Bialy D, Quantrill J, Sukhova K Nat Commun. 2023; 14(1):6136.
PMID: 37816720 PMC: 10564915. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41476-3.
Vertebrate-tropism of a cressdnavirus lineage implicated by poxvirus gene capture.
Kinsella C, van der Hoek L Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2023; 120(20):e2303844120.
PMID: 37155884 PMC: 10193959. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2303844120.