Graphene-derived Nanomaterials As Recognition Elements for Electrochemical Determination of Heavy Metal Ions: a Review

Overview

Journal Mikrochim Acta

Specialties Biotechnology
Chemistry

Date 2019 Feb 14

PMID 30756239

Citations 16

Authors

Yinxiu Zuo

Jingkun Xu

Xiaofei Zhu

Xuemin Duan

Limin Lu

Yongfang Yu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

This review (with 155 refs.) summarizes the progress made in the past few years in the field of electrochemical sensors based on graphene-derived materials for the determination of heavy metal ions. Following an introduction of this field and a discussion of the various kinds of modified graphenes including graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, the review covers graphene based electrodes modified (or doped) with (a) heteroatoms, (b) metal nanoparticles, (c) metal oxides, (d) small organic molecules, (e) polymers, and (f) ternary nanocomposites. Tables are provided that afford an overview of representative methods and materials for fabricating electrochemical sensors. Furthermore, sensing mechanisms are discussed. A concluding section presents new perspectives, opportunities and current challenges. Graphical Abstract Schematic illustration of electrochemical sensor for heavy metal ion sensing based on heteroatom-doped graphene, metal-modified graphene, metal-oxide-modified graphene, organically modified graphene, polymer-modified graphene, and ternary graphene based nanocomposites.

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