Class I Transactivator, NLRC5: a Central Player in the MHC Class I Pathway and Cancer Immune Surveillance

Overview

Journal Immunogenetics

Specialties Allergy & Immunology
Genetics

Date 2019 Feb 2

PMID 30706093

Citations 23

Authors

Saptha Vijayan

Tabasum Sidiq

Suhail Yousuf

Peter J van den Elsen

Koichi S Kobayashi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules play critical roles in the activation of the adaptive immune system by presenting antigens to CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, respectively. Although it has been well known that CIITA (MHC class II transactivator), an NLR (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing) protein, as a master regulator of MHC class II gene expression, the mechanism of MHC class I gene transactivation was unclear. Recently, another NLR protein, NLRC5 (NLR family, CARD domain-containing 5), was identified as an MHC class I transactivator (CITA). NLRC5 is a critical regulator for the transcriptional activation of MHC class I genes and other genes involved in the MHC class I antigen presentation pathway. CITA/NLRC5 plays a crucial role in human cancer immunity through the recruitment and activation of tumor killing CD8+ T cells. Here, we discuss the molecular function and mechanism of CITA/NLRC5 in the MHC class I pathway and its role in cancer.

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