Evaluation of the Relationship Between Maxillary Posterior Teeth and the Maxillary Sinus Floor Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography

Overview

Journal BMC Oral Health

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Dentistry

Date 2018 Oct 5

PMID 30285721

Citations 29

Authors

Yechen Gu

Chao Sun

Daming Wu

Qingping Zhu

Diya Leng

Yang Zhou

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Maxillary posterior teeth have close anatomical proximity to the maxillary sinus floor (MSF), and the race, gender, age, side and presence/absence of adjacent teeth may influence the mean distances between the root apices and the MSF. This study aimed to evaluate both the relationship between the maxillary posterior teeth and MSF, and the influence of adjacent teeth loss on the distance between the maxillary posterior roots and MSF.

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography images were collected from 1011 Chinese patients. The relationship between the maxillary posterior teeth and the MSF was divided into three types: Type OS (the root apex extending below/outside the MSF), Type CO (the root apex contacting with the MSF), Type IS (the root apex extending above/inside the MSF). The minimum vertical distances between the maxillary posterior roots apices and the MSF were recorded. The correlations of the distances with gender and age were analyzed. The distances between the maxillary posterior root apices and the MSF with different types of adjacent teeth loss was evaluated.

Results: Type OS was the most common relationship of all posterior root apices (P<0.05). Type IS was highest in the palatal roots (PRs) of the maxillary first molars (MFMs) and the mesiobuccal roots (MBRs) of the maxillary second molars (MSMs) (24.8% and 21.6%) (P<0.05). The frequency of Type IS decreased with age except the premolar roots and PRs of the MSMs (P<0.05). The MBRs of the MSMs had the lowest distances to the MSF (0.8 ± 2.5 mm), followed by the distobuccal roots of the MSMs (1.3 ± 2.7 mm) and the PRs of the MFMs (1.4 ± 3.4 mm) (P<0.05). Age was an important influencing factor to the mean distances while gender had little effects. The distance between the maxillary second premolar root apices and the MSF decreased with the absence of adjacent teeth (P<0.05).

Conclusions: The maxillary molars showed greater proximity to the MSF than premolars. Age had significant impacts on the relationship between maxillary posterior roots and MSF. The absence of maxillary first molars will influence the proximity of maxillary second premolar root apices to MSF.

Citing Articles

Accuracy of Implant Size Prediction Based on Edentulous Ridge Dimension on Cone-beam Computed Tomography - A Retrospective Study.

Jolicoeur H, Camargo G, Stephenson T, Zhang W Ann Maxillofac Surg. 2025; 14(2):187-191.

PMID: 39957875 PMC: 11828063. DOI: 10.4103/ams.ams_101_24.

Effect of the anatomical patterns of maxillary sinus floor on the endodontic microsurgery plan of maxillary sinusitis of endodontic origin.

Ji X, He J, Zhang L, Huang D BMC Oral Health. 2025; 25(1):236.

PMID: 39948587 PMC: 11827297. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-025-05442-3.

The modified lateral window technique for retrieving root stumps from the maxillary sinus: Case report.

Liu C, Cheng L, Xu Q, Yang F, Liu F Medicine (Baltimore). 2025; 104(6):e41288.

PMID: 39928766 PMC: 11812989. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000041288.

Evaluation of the Proximity of Root Apices of Maxillary Posterior Teeth to the Maxillary Sinus Floor using CBCT among Different Age Groups: A Retrospective Study.

Rasool N, Shetty S, Buch S, Nair P, Kalaichelvan S, Jayasheelan N J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2025; 16(Suppl 4):S3809-S3811.

PMID: 39927040 PMC: 11805200. DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1280_24.

Discriminating between the maxillary tuberosity and the alveolar tuberosity- a critical pictorial review.

Dandoczi C, Rusu M, Muresan A, Tudose R Surg Radiol Anat. 2025; 47(1):60.

PMID: 39841293 PMC: 11754339. DOI: 10.1007/s00276-025-03569-0.

References

Estrela C, Bueno M, Leles C, Azevedo B, Azevedo J . Accuracy of cone beam computed tomography and panoramic and periapical radiography for detection of apical periodontitis. J Endod. 2008; 34(3):273-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2007.11.023. View

Jung Y, Cho B . Assessment of the relationship between the maxillary molars and adjacent structures using cone beam computed tomography. Imaging Sci Dent. 2013; 42(4):219-24. PMC: 3534175. DOI: 10.5624/isd.2012.42.4.219. View

Watzek G, Bernhart T, Ulm C . Complications of sinus perforations and their management in endodontics. Dent Clin North Am. 1997; 41(3):563-83. View

Oberli K, Bornstein M, von Arx T . Periapical surgery and the maxillary sinus: radiographic parameters for clinical outcome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2007; 103(6):848-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.09.017. View

Georgescu C, Rusu M, Sandulescu M, Enache A, Didilescu A . Quantitative and qualitative bone analysis in the maxillary lateral region. Surg Radiol Anat. 2012; 34(6):551-8. DOI: 10.1007/s00276-012-0955-6. View

Sharan A, Madjar D . Maxillary sinus pneumatization following extractions: a radiographic study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2008; 23(1):48-56. View

Yoshimine S, Nishihara K, Nozoe E, Yoshimine M, Nakamura N . Topographic analysis of maxillary premolars and molars and maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography. Implant Dent. 2012; 21(6):528-35. DOI: 10.1097/ID.0b013e31827464fc. View

Tian X, Qian L, Xin X, Wei B, Gong Y . An Analysis of the Proximity of Maxillary Posterior Teeth to the Maxillary Sinus Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography. J Endod. 2015; 42(3):371-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.10.017. View

Kwak H, Park H, Yoon H, Kang M, Koh K, Kim H . Topographic anatomy of the inferior wall of the maxillary sinus in Koreans. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004; 33(4):382-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2003.10.012. View

10.

Mehra P, Jeong D . Maxillary sinusitis of odontogenic origin. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2009; 9(3):238-43. DOI: 10.1007/s11882-009-0035-0. View

11.

Nascimento E, Pontual M, Pontual A, Freitas D, Perez D, Ramos-Perez F . Association between Odontogenic Conditions and Maxillary Sinus Disease: A Study Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography. J Endod. 2016; 42(10):1509-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.07.003. View

12.

Ariji Y, Obayashi N, Goto M, Izumi M, Naitoh M, Kurita K . Roots of the maxillary first and second molars in horizontal relation to alveolar cortical plates and maxillary sinus: computed tomography assessment for infection spread. Clin Oral Investig. 2005; 10(1):35-41. DOI: 10.1007/s00784-005-0020-5. View

13.

Estrela C, Nunes C, Guedes O, Alencar A, Estrela C, Silva R . Study of Anatomical Relationship between Posterior Teeth and Maxillary Sinus Floor in a Subpopulation of the Brazilian Central Region Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography - Part 2. Braz Dent J. 2016; 27(1):9-15. DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600679. View

14.

Kalender A, Aksoy U, Basmaci F, Orhan K, Orhan A . Cone-beam computed tomography analysis of the vestibular surgical pathway to the palatine root of the maxillary first molar. Eur J Dent. 2013; 7(1):35-40. PMC: 3571507. View

15.

Doud Galli S, Lebowitz R, Giacchi R, Glickman R, Jacobs J . Chronic sinusitis complicating sinus lift surgery. Am J Rhinol. 2001; 15(3):181-6. DOI: 10.2500/105065801779954120. View

16.

Ludlow J, Ivanovic M . Comparative dosimetry of dental CBCT devices and 64-slice CT for oral and maxillofacial radiology. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008; 106(1):106-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.03.018. View

17.

Asaumi R, Sato I, Miwa Y, Imura K, Sunohara M, Kawai T . Understanding the formation of maxillary sinus in Japanese human foetuses using cone beam CT. Surg Radiol Anat. 2010; 32(8):745-51. PMC: 2945628. DOI: 10.1007/s00276-010-0678-5. View

18.

Pagin O, Centurion B, Rubira-Bullen I, Capelozza A . Maxillary sinus and posterior teeth: accessing close relationship by cone-beam computed tomographic scanning in a Brazilian population. J Endod. 2013; 39(6):748-51. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.01.014. View

19.

Lu Y, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhou X, Zheng Q, Duan X . Associations between maxillary sinus mucosal thickening and apical periodontitis using cone-beam computed tomography scanning: a retrospective study. J Endod. 2012; 38(8):1069-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.04.027. View

20.

Ok E, Gungor E, Colak M, Altunsoy M, Nur B, Aglarci O . Evaluation of the relationship between the maxillary posterior teeth and the sinus floor using cone-beam computed tomography. Surg Radiol Anat. 2014; 36(9):907-14. DOI: 10.1007/s00276-014-1317-3. View