Organelle Optogenetics: Direct Manipulation of Intracellular Ca Dynamics by Light

Overview

Journal Front Neurosci

Date 2018 Sep 4

PMID 30174581

Citations 6

Authors

Toshifumi Asano

Hiroyuki Igarashi

Toru Ishizuka

Hiromu Yawo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

As one of the ubiquitous second messengers, the intracellular Ca, has been revealed to be a pivotal regulator of various cellular functions. Two major sources are involved in the initiation of Ca-dependent signals: influx from the extracellular space and release from the intracellular Ca stores such as the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR). To manipulate the Ca release from the stores under high spatiotemporal precision, we established a new method termed "organelle optogenetics." That is, one of the light-sensitive cation channels (channelrhodopsin-green receiver, ChRGR), which is Ca-permeable, was specifically targeted to the ER/SR. The expression specificity as well as the functional operation of the ER/SR-targeted ChRGR (ChRGR) was evaluated using mouse skeletal myoblasts (C2C12): (1) the ChRGR co-localized with the ER-marker KDEL; (2) no membrane current was generated by light under whole-cell clamp of cells expressing ChRGR; (3) an increase of fluorometric Ca was evoked by the optical stimulation (OS) in the cells expressing ChRGR in a manner independent on the extracellular Ca concentration ([Ca]); (4) the Δ/ was sensitive to the inhibitor of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA) and (5) the store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) was induced by the OS in the ChRGR-expressing cells. Our organelle optogenetics effectively manipulated the ER/SR to release Ca from intracellular stores. The use of organelle optogenetics would reveal the neuroscientific significance of intracellular Ca dynamics under spatiotemporal precision.

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