Hijacking of Internal Calcium Dynamics by Intracellularly Residing Viral Rhodopsins

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2024 Jan 3

PMID 38167346

Authors

Ana-Sofia Eria-Oliveira

Mathilde Folacci

Anne Amandine Chassot

Sandrine Fedou

Nadine Theze

Dmitrii Zabelskii

Alexey Alekseev

Ernst Bamberg

Valentin Gordeliy

Guillaume Sandoz

Michel Vivaudou

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Rhodopsins are ubiquitous light-driven membrane proteins with diverse functions, including ion transport. Widely distributed, they are also coded in the genomes of giant viruses infecting phytoplankton where their function is not settled. Here, we examine the properties of OLPVR1 (Organic Lake Phycodnavirus Rhodopsin) and two other type 1 viral channelrhodopsins (VCR1s), and demonstrate that VCR1s accumulate exclusively intracellularly, and, upon illumination, induce calcium release from intracellular IP-dependent stores. In vivo, this light-induced calcium release is sufficient to remote control muscle contraction in VCR1-expressing tadpoles. VCR1s natively confer light-induced Ca release, suggesting a distinct mechanism for reshaping the response to light of virus-infected algae. The ability of VCR1s to photorelease calcium without altering plasma membrane electrical properties marks them as potential precursors for optogenetics tools, with potential applications in basic research and medicine.

Citing Articles

Spatiotemporal dynamics of giant viruses within a deep freshwater lake reveal a distinct dark-water community.

Zhang L, Meng L, Fang Y, Ogata H, Okazaki Y ISME J. 2024; 18(1).

PMID: 39312489 PMC: 11465185. DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae182.

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