Population-level Patterns and Mental Health and Substance Use Correlates of Alcohol, Marijuana, and Tobacco Use and Co-use in US Young Adults and Adults: Results from the Population Assessment for Tobacco and Health

Overview

Journal Am J Addict

Specialty Psychiatry

Date 2018 Aug 29

PMID 30152111

Citations 34

Authors

Amy M Cohn

Amanda L Johnson

Shyanika W Rose

Jennifer L Pearson

Andrea C Villanti

Cassandra Stanton

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background And Objectives: This study identified the most common patterns of current alcohol and marijuana use with the spectrum of tobacco products (cigarettes, hookah, e-cigarettes, cigars/little cigars, and other products), among US young adults and older adults and examined associations of mental health and substance use problems with each pattern.

Methods: Wave 1 adult dataset (2013-2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. Weighted analyses estimated the prevalence of the top 10 patterns of current alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco use and co-use separately by young adults aged 18-24 (n = 9,112) and adults 25+ years (n = 23,208). Multivariable models examined associations of substance use and mental health problems to patterns of use, adjusting for demographics.

Results: Across both age groups, alcohol-only use was the most popular use pattern (20.7% for young adults and 32.2% older adults) however poly-substance use patterns were more frequent than single use patterns. Cigarettes were the only tobacco product used exclusively; all other tobacco products were used with together, or with alcohol or marijuana. Only one young adult pattern emerged containing e-cigarettes, and this pattern included co-use with alcohol and cigarettes (1.3%). Mental health and substance use problems were most strongly correlated with dual and poly-substance use patterns, regardless of age.

Scientific Significance: Prevention and intervention campaigns should focus on multiple product use, as single substance use is uncommon. Alcohol is common in all patterns, suggesting it should also gain more focus in marijuana and tobacco prevention and intervention programs. (Am J Addict 2018;27:491-500).

Citing Articles

The effect of smokeless tobacco (SLT) excise taxes on SLT use among youth.

He Y, Park H, Cheng K, Yang Q, Zhang Z, Shang C Int J Drug Policy. 2024; 135():104664.

PMID: 39616871 PMC: 11724746. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104664.

Cannabis Use and Subsequent Cigarette Discontinuation Among U.S. Adults in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, Waves 1-5.

Sedani A, Frank-Pearce S, Beebe L, Campbell J, Peck J, Chou A Nicotine Tob Res. 2024; 27(2):208-216.

PMID: 39178320 PMC: 11879569. DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae202.

The underrepresentation of racial/ethnic minorities in research on co-use of nicotine, alcohol, and/or cannabis via ecological momentary assessment methods: A narrative review.

Huh J, Blevins B, Wong K, Lee R, Herzig S, Unger J Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024; 262:111391.

PMID: 39047639 PMC: 11330314. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111391.

Quantity of cigarettes smoked when co-used with alcohol and cannabis: Consideration of different definitions of co-use based on daily diary data.

Waring J, Nguyen N, Ling P, Thrul J Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024; 258:111264.

PMID: 38547786 PMC: 11163876. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111264.

E-cigarettes may serve as a gateway to conventional cigarettes and other addictive drugs.

Chen G, Rahman S, Lutfy K Adv Drug Alcohol Res. 2024; 3:11345.

PMID: 38389821 PMC: 10880776. DOI: 10.3389/adar.2023.11345.

References

Johnson J, Cohen P, Pine D, Klein D, Kasen S, Brook J . Association between cigarette smoking and anxiety disorders during adolescence and early adulthood. JAMA. 2000; 284(18):2348-51. DOI: 10.1001/jama.284.18.2348. View

Cargill B, Emmons K, Kahler C, BROWN R . Relationship among alcohol use, depression, smoking behavior, and motivation to quit smoking with hospitalized smokers. Psychol Addict Behav. 2001; 15(3):272-5. View

Vanyukov M, Tarter R, Kirisci L, Kirillova G, Maher B, Clark D . Liability to substance use disorders: 1. Common mechanisms and manifestations. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2003; 27(6):507-15. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2003.08.002. View

Tucker J, Ellickson P, Orlando M, Klein D . Predictors of attempted quitting and cessation among young adult smokers. Prev Med. 2005; 41(2):554-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.12.002. View

Dennis M, Chan Y, Funk R . Development and validation of the GAIN Short Screener (GSS) for internalizing, externalizing and substance use disorders and crime/violence problems among adolescents and adults. Am J Addict. 2006; 15 Suppl 1:80-91. PMC: 5933850. DOI: 10.1080/10550490601006055. View

Fergusson D, Horwood L, Ridder E . Conduct and attentional problems in childhood and adolescence and later substance use, abuse and dependence: results of a 25-year longitudinal study. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007; 88 Suppl 1:S14-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.12.011. View

Marmorstein N . Longitudinal associations between alcohol problems and depressive symptoms: early adolescence through early adulthood. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2008; 33(1):49-59. PMC: 2643347. DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00810.x. View

Swendsen J, Conway K, Degenhardt L, Glantz M, Jin R, Merikangas K . Mental disorders as risk factors for substance use, abuse and dependence: results from the 10-year follow-up of the National Comorbidity Survey. Addiction. 2010; 105(6):1117-28. PMC: 2910819. DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02902.x. View

Goodwin R, Perkonigg A, Hofler M, Wittchen H . Mental disorders and smoking trajectories: a 10-year prospective study among adolescents and young adults in the community. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013; 130(1-3):201-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.009. View

10.

. Tobacco product use among middle and high school students--United States, 2011 and 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013; 62(45):893-7. PMC: 4585347. View

11.

Lee Y, Bahreinifar S, Ling P . Understanding tobacco-related attitudes among college and noncollege young adult hookah and cigarette users. J Am Coll Health. 2013; 62(1):10-8. PMC: 3920485. DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2013.842171. View

12.

Lee Y, Hebert C, Nonnemaker J, Kim A . Multiple tobacco product use among adults in the United States: cigarettes, cigars, electronic cigarettes, hookah, smokeless tobacco, and snus. Prev Med. 2014; 62:14-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.01.014. View

13.

Fix B, OConnor R, Vogl L, Smith D, Bansal-Travers M, Conway K . Patterns and correlates of polytobacco use in the United States over a decade: NSDUH 2002-2011. Addict Behav. 2014; 39(4):768-81. PMC: 3984759. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.12.015. View

14.

Erickson D, Lenk K, Forster J . Latent classes of young adults based on use of multiple types of tobacco and nicotine products. Nicotine Tob Res. 2014; 16(8):1056-62. PMC: 4155422. DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntu024. View

15.

Sutfin E, Song E, Reboussin B, Wolfson M . What are young adults smoking in their hookahs? A latent class analysis of substances smoked. Addict Behav. 2014; 39(7):1191-6. PMC: 4091668. DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.03.020. View

16.

King B, Patel R, Nguyen K, Dube S . Trends in awareness and use of electronic cigarettes among US adults, 2010-2013. Nicotine Tob Res. 2014; 17(2):219-27. PMC: 4512831. DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntu191. View

17.

Salloum R, Thrasher J, Kates F, Maziak W . Water pipe tobacco smoking in the United States: findings from the National Adult Tobacco Survey. Prev Med. 2014; 71:88-93. PMC: 4423406. DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.12.012. View

18.

Saddleson M, Kozlowski L, Giovino G, Hawk L, Murphy J, MacLean M . Risky behaviors, e-cigarette use and susceptibility of use among college students. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015; 149:25-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.001. View

19.

Villanti A, Cobb C, Cohn A, Williams V, Rath J . Correlates of hookah use and predictors of hookah trial in U.S. young adults. Am J Prev Med. 2015; 48(6):742-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.01.010. View

20.

Schauer G, Berg C, Kegler M, Donovan D, Windle M . Differences in Tobacco Product Use Among Past Month Adult Marijuana Users and Nonusers: Findings From the 2003-2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015; 18(3):281-8. DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntv093. View