ECRG4: a New Potential Target in Precision Medicine

Overview

Journal Front Med

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2018 Jul 14

PMID 30003403

Citations 7

Authors

Xin Qin

Ping Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Given the rapid development in precision medicine, tremendous efforts have been devoted to discovering new biomarkers for disease diagnosis and treatment. Esophageal cancer-related gene-4 (ECRG4), which is initially known as a new candidate tumor suppressor gene, is emerging as a sentinel molecule for gauging tissue homeostasis. ECRG4 is unique in its cytokine-like functional pattern and epigenetically-regulated gene expression pattern. The gene can be released from the cell membrane upon activation and detected in liquid biopsy, thus offering considerable potential in precision medicine. This review provides an updated summary on the biology of ECRG4, with emphasis on its important roles in cancer diagnosis and therapy. The future perspectives of ECRG4 as a potential molecular marker in precision medicine are also discussed in detail.

Citing Articles

Complex and pleiotropic signaling pathways regulated by the secreted protein augurin.

Richter M, Lalli E, Ruggiero C Cell Commun Signal. 2023; 21(1):69.

PMID: 37041625 PMC: 10088197. DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01090-8.

Esophageal cancer-related gene 4 inhibits gastric cancer growth and metastasis by upregulating Krüppel-like factor 2 expression.

Li X, Hu S, Ma M, Wang P, Qi Y, Zhou Y Ann Transl Med. 2023; 11(4):176.

PMID: 36923086 PMC: 10009579. DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-139.

Loss of Ecrg4 improves calcium oxalate nephropathy.

Cabuzu D, Ramakrishnan S, Moor M, Harmacek D, Auberson M, Durussel F PLoS One. 2022; 17(10):e0275972.

PMID: 36227903 PMC: 9560046. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275972.

Single-cell multimodal analysis identifies common regulatory programs in synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis patients and modeled TNF-driven arthritis.

Armaka M, Konstantopoulos D, Tzaferis C, Lavigne M, Sakkou M, Liakos A Genome Med. 2022; 14(1):78.

PMID: 35879783 PMC: 9316748. DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01081-3.

acts as a tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by suppressing the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Yang Z, Ye X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Chen J, Zeng Y Cytotechnology. 2022; 74(2):231-243.

PMID: 35464163 PMC: 8976024. DOI: 10.1007/s10616-022-00520-8.

References

Porzionato A, Rucinski M, Macchi V, Sarasin G, Malendowicz L, De Caro R . ECRG4 expression in normal rat tissues: expression study and literature review. Eur J Histochem. 2015; 59(2):2458. PMC: 4503965. DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2015.2458. View

Moriguchi T, Takeda S, Iwashita S, Enomoto K, Sawamura T, Koshimizu U . Ecrg4 peptide is the ligand of multiple scavenger receptors. Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):4048. PMC: 5840397. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22440-4. View

Kujuro Y, Suzuki N, Kondo T . Esophageal cancer-related gene 4 is a secreted inducer of cell senescence expressed by aged CNS precursor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010; 107(18):8259-64. PMC: 2889548. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0911446107. View

Mirabeau O, Perlas E, Severini C, Audero E, Gascuel O, Possenti R . Identification of novel peptide hormones in the human proteome by hidden Markov model screening. Genome Res. 2007; 17(3):320-7. PMC: 1800923. DOI: 10.1101/gr.5755407. View

Kurabi A, Pak K, Dang X, Coimbra R, Eliceiri B, Ryan A . Ecrg4 attenuates the inflammatory proliferative response of mucosal epithelial cells to infection. PLoS One. 2013; 8(4):e61394. PMC: 3634077. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061394. View

Giannopoulou L, Chebouti I, Pavlakis K, Kasimir-Bauer S, Lianidou E . RASSF1A promoter methylation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: A direct comparison study in primary tumors, adjacent morphologically tumor cell-free tissues and paired circulating tumor DNA. Oncotarget. 2017; 8(13):21429-21443. PMC: 5400595. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15249. View

Podvin S, Gonzalez A, Miller M, Dang X, Botfield H, Donahue J . Esophageal cancer related gene-4 is a choroid plexus-derived injury response gene: evidence for a biphasic response in early and late brain injury. PLoS One. 2011; 6(9):e24609. PMC: 3173480. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024609. View

Lu J, Wen M, Huang Y, He X, Wang Y, Wu Q . C2ORF40 suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion through modulating expression of M phase cell cycle genes. Epigenetics. 2013; 8(6):571-83. PMC: 3857337. DOI: 10.4161/epi.24626. View

You Y, Li H, Qin X, Ran Y, Wang F . Down-regulated ECRG4 expression in breast cancer and its correlation with tumor progression and poor prognosis--A short Report. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2015; 39(1):89-95. DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0260-6. View

10.

Ghasemi M, Nabipour I, Omrani A, Alipour Z, Assadi M . Precision medicine and molecular imaging: new targeted approaches toward cancer therapeutic and diagnosis. Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2017; 6(6):310-327. PMC: 5218860. View

11.

Moriguchi T, Kaneumi S, Takeda S, Enomoto K, Mishra S, Miki T . Ecrg4 contributes to the anti-glioma immunosurveillance through type-I interferon signaling. Oncoimmunology. 2017; 5(12):e1242547. PMC: 5214586. DOI: 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1242547. View

12.

Carrasco-Garcia E, Moreno M, Moreno-Cugnon L, Matheu A . Increased Arf/p53 activity in stem cells, aging and cancer. Aging Cell. 2017; 16(2):219-225. PMC: 5334536. DOI: 10.1111/acel.12574. View

13.

You Y, Yang W, Qin X, Wang F, Li H, Lin C . ECRG4 acts as a tumor suppressor and as a determinant of chemotherapy resistance in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2015; 38(3):205-14. DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0223-y. View

14.

Su T, Liu H, Lu S . [Cloning and identification of cDNA fragments related to human esophageal cancer]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi. 2000; 20(4):254-7. View

15.

Dyson N . RB1: a prototype tumor suppressor and an enigma. Genes Dev. 2016; 30(13):1492-502. PMC: 4949322. DOI: 10.1101/gad.282145.116. View

16.

Linnekamp J, Butter R, Spijker R, Medema J, van Laarhoven H . Clinical and biological effects of demethylating agents on solid tumours - A systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017; 54:10-23. DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.01.004. View

17.

Warton K, Mahon K, Samimi G . Methylated circulating tumor DNA in blood: power in cancer prognosis and response. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2016; 23(3):R157-71. PMC: 4737995. DOI: 10.1530/ERC-15-0369. View

18.

Baird A, Coimbra R, Dang X, Lopez N, Lee J, Krzyzaniak M . Cell surface localization and release of the candidate tumor suppressor Ecrg4 from polymorphonuclear cells and monocytes activate macrophages. J Leukoc Biol. 2012; 91(5):773-81. PMC: 3336773. DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1011503. View

19.

Chen J, Wu X, Hong C, Chen J, Wei X, Zhou L . Downregulated ECRG4 is correlated with lymph node metastasis and predicts poor outcome for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients. Clin Transl Oncol. 2016; 19(1):84-90. DOI: 10.1007/s12094-016-1507-z. View

20.

Luo L, Wu J, Xie J, Xia L, Qian X, Cai Z . Downregulated ECRG4 is associated with poor prognosis in renal cell cancer and is regulated by promoter DNA methylation. Tumour Biol. 2015; 37(1):1121-9. DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3913-1. View