Prevalence and Concentration of Ochratoxin A, Zearalenone, Deoxynivalenol and Total Aflatoxin in Cereal-based Products: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and concentration of total aflatoxin (TAF) ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in bread, cornflakes, breakfast cereals and pasta-based products through meta-analysis. The required databases including (PubMed and Scopus databases) were investigated to collect data on the concentration and prevalence of mentioned mycotoxins in cereal-based products. Among 2461 explored articles in identification step, 38 articles with 9627 samples were included in the conducted meta-analysis. The prevalence and concentration of studied mycotoxins varied with the cereal-based food studied. In this context, the overall rank order of mycotoxins prevalence in the cereal foods was OTA > DON > ZEN > TAF > 15-ADON > 3-ADON. Also, the overall rank order of mycotoxins based on concentration in the cereal foods investigated was DON > ZEN > 15-ADON > OTA > 3-ADON > TAF. The findings of this meta-analysis may be useful for the building of risk assessment models aiming to derive data for the development of specific actions to reduce the exposure to OTA, ZEN, TAF, and DON through the consumption of the cereal-based products.