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Systemic Administration of Heparin Ameliorates Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis-preclinical Studies in Mice

Overview
Specialties Oncology
Radiology
Date 2018 Apr 18
PMID 29663036
Citations 3
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Abstract

Purpose: The present study investigates the impact of systemic application of heparins on the manifestation of radiation-induced oral mucositis in a well-established mouse model.

Materials And Methods: Male C3H/Neu mice were irradiated with either single-dose or fractionated irradiation protocols with 5 × 3 Gy/week, given over one (days 0-4) or two (days 0-4, 7-11) weeks. All fractionation protocols were concluded by a local test irradiation (day 7/14) using graded doses to generate complete dose-effect curves. Daily doses of unfractionated or low molecular weight heparin (40 or 200 I.U./mouse, respectively) were applied subcutaneously over varying time intervals. The incidence and the time course of mucosal ulceration, corresponding to confluent mucositis in patients (RTOG/EORTC grade 3), were analysed as clinically relevant endpoints.

Results: Systemic application of heparins significantly increased the iso-effective doses for the induction of mucosal ulceration, particularly in combination with fractionated irradiation protocols. Moreover, a tentative prolongation of the latent time and a pronounced reduction of the ulcer duration were observed.

Conclusion: These data provide the first evidence for a protective and/or mitigative effect of heparins for radiation-induced oral mucositis. Further studies are ongoing investigating the underlying mechanism.

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Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Factor Predicting Radiotherapy Induced Oral Mucositis in Head Neck Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy.

Homa-Mlak I, Brzozowska A, Mlak R, Szudy-Szczyrek A, Malecka-Massalska T J Clin Med. 2021; 10(19).

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Heparin treatment mitigates radiation-induced oral mucositis in mice by interplaying with repopulation processes.

Kowaliuk M, Schroder I, Kuess P, Dorr W Strahlenther Onkol. 2019; 195(6):534-543.

PMID: 30689028 PMC: 6531413. DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-01423-4.

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