EIF1A Residues Implicated in Cancer Stabilize Translation Preinitiation Complexes and Favor Suboptimal Initiation Sites in Yeast

Overview

Journal Elife

Specialty Biology

Date 2017 Dec 6

PMID 29206102

Citations 30

Authors

Pilar Martin-Marcos

Fujun Zhou

Charm Karunasiri

Fan Zhang

Jinsheng Dong

Jagpreet Nanda

Shardul D Kulkarni

Neelam Dabas Sen

Mercedes Tamame

Michael Zeschnigk

Jon R Lorsch

Alan G Hinnebusch

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The translation pre-initiation complex (PIC) scans the mRNA for an AUG codon in favorable context, and AUG recognition stabilizes a closed PIC conformation. The unstructured N-terminal tail (NTT) of yeast eIF1A deploys five basic residues to contact tRNA, mRNA, or 18S rRNA exclusively in the closed state. Interestingly, mutations altering the human eIF1A NTT are associated with uveal melanoma (UM). We found that substituting all five basic residues, and seven UM-associated substitutions, in yeast eIF1A suppresses initiation at near-cognate UUG codons and AUGs in poor context. Ribosome profiling of NTT substitution R13P reveals heightened discrimination against unfavorable AUG context genome-wide. Both R13P and K16D substitutions destabilize the closed complex at UUG codons in reconstituted PICs. Thus, electrostatic interactions involving the eIF1A NTT stabilize the closed conformation and promote utilization of suboptimal start codons. We predict UM-associated mutations alter human gene expression by increasing discrimination against poor initiation sites.

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