Abdominal Wall Reconstruction After Flap Surgery and the Effect on the Immune System

Overview

Journal Biomed Res Int

Publisher Wiley

Specialties Biomedical Engineering
Biotechnology
General Medicine

Date 2017 Dec 5

PMID 29201900

Authors

F Popa

A V Georgescu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of abdominal wall reconstruction surgery on tissue anatomy and to explore how flap surgery influences the patient's immune status.

Methods: Experimental abdominal wall defects were created in 8 (swine) animal models. The animals were divided into two groups: 4 swine were euthanized one month after surgery for the biopsies retrieval purpose and the other 4 swine were kept alive and the collection of blood samples has been done 6 months after surgery. In order to evaluate the relative gene expression in operated-on animal cohorts we compared them with samples from 4 healthy swine used as controls.

Results: The inflammatory process was present in all types of repairs. Collagen I deposition was higher in the flap repairs. The expression level for the genes related to immune response after 6 months from surgery was relatively similar to the control group except minor alteration registered in the case of two swine models.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate a less pronounced proinflammatory response to surgical trauma in animal models after flap surgery. The postoperative levels of the inflammatory cytokines did not show significant differences after abdominal wall reconstruction using flap surgery.

References

Stier S, Maletzki C, Klier U, Linnebacher M . Combinations of TLR ligands: a promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. Clin Dev Immunol. 2013; 2013:271246. PMC: 3859257. DOI: 10.1155/2013/271246. View

Ksontini R, MacKay S, Moldawer L . Revisiting the role of tumor necrosis factor alpha and the response to surgical injury and inflammation. Arch Surg. 1998; 133(5):558-67. DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.133.5.558. View

Penttinen R, Gronroos J . Mesh repair of common abdominal hernias: a review on experimental and clinical studies. Hernia. 2008; 12(4):337-44. DOI: 10.1007/s10029-008-0362-4. View

Bae S, Kang S, Kim J, Kim Y, Sun H . Reconstruction of abdominal wall of a chronically infected postoperative wound with a rectus abdominis myofascial splitting flap. Arch Plast Surg. 2013; 40(1):28-35. PMC: 3556530. DOI: 10.5999/aps.2013.40.1.28. View

Van Laere S, Ueno N, Finetti P, Vermeulen P, Lucci A, Robertson F . Uncovering the molecular secrets of inflammatory breast cancer biology: an integrated analysis of three distinct affymetrix gene expression datasets. Clin Cancer Res. 2013; 19(17):4685-96. PMC: 6156084. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2549. View

Bostick A, Stoffregen D, Johnson T . Response of lightly and highly pigmented porcine skin (Sus scrofa domestica) to single 3.8-microm laser radiation pulses. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2006; 45(3):33-7. View

Franz M . The biology of hernia formation. Surg Clin North Am. 2008; 88(1):1-15, vii. PMC: 2276402. DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2007.10.007. View

Sacks J, Broyles J, Baumann D . Flap coverage of anterior abdominal wall defects. Semin Plast Surg. 2013; 26(1):36-9. PMC: 3348744. DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1302464. View

Braicu C, Selicean S, Cojocneanu-Petric R, Lajos R, Balacescu O, Taranu I . Evaluation of cellular and molecular impact of zearalenone and Escherichia coli co-exposure on IPEC-1 cells using microarray technology. BMC Genomics. 2016; 17:576. PMC: 4977621. DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-2830-z. View

10.

Cavallo J, Roma A, Jasielec M, Ousley J, Creamer J, Pichert M . Remodeling characteristics and collagen distribution in synthetic mesh materials explanted from human subjects after abdominal wall reconstruction: an analysis of remodeling characteristics by patient risk factors and surgical site classifications. Surg Endosc. 2014; 28(6):1852-65. PMC: 4035433. DOI: 10.1007/s00464-013-3405-6. View

11.

Harder Y, Contaldo C, Klenk J, Banic A, Jakob S, Erni D . Improved skin flap survival after local heat preconditioning in pigs. J Surg Res. 2004; 119(1):100-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2003.11.002. View

12.

ROBSON M, Hill D, Woodske M, Steed D . Wound healing trajectories as predictors of effectiveness of therapeutic agents. Arch Surg. 2000; 135(7):773-7. DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.135.7.773. View

13.

Mohamed M, Al-Raawi D, Sabet S, El-Shinawi M . Inflammatory breast cancer: New factors contribute to disease etiology: A review. J Adv Res. 2015; 5(5):525-36. PMC: 4294279. DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2013.06.004. View

14.

van Dorp A, Verhoeven M, Koerten H, van Blitterswijk C, Ponec M . Dermal regeneration in full-thickness wounds in Yucatan miniature pigs using a biodegradable copolymer. Wound Repair Regen. 1999; 6(6):556-68. DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-475x.1998.60608.x. View

15.

Fayezizadeh M, Majumder A, Belyansky I, Novitsky Y . Outcomes of Retromuscular Porcine Biologic Mesh Repairs Using Transversus Abdominis Release Reconstruction. J Am Coll Surg. 2016; 223(3):461-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2016.06.008. View

16.

Baumann D, Butler C . Soft tissue coverage in abdominal wall reconstruction. Surg Clin North Am. 2013; 93(5):1199-209. DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2013.06.005. View

17.

Agren M, Schnabel R, Christensen L, Mirastschijski U . Tumor necrosis factor-α-accelerated degradation of type I collagen in human skin is associated with elevated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 ex vivo. Eur J Cell Biol. 2014; 94(1):12-21. PMC: 4300401. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2014.10.001. View

18.

Wolfram D, Morandi E, Eberhart N, Hautz T, Hackl H, Zelger B . Differentiation between acute skin rejection in allotransplantation and T-cell mediated skin inflammation based on gene expression analysis. Biomed Res Int. 2015; 2015:259160. PMC: 4338383. DOI: 10.1155/2015/259160. View

19.

Lao W, Wang Y, Ramirez A, Cheng H, Wei F . A new rat model for orthotopic abdominal wall allotransplantation. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2014; 2(4):e136. PMC: 4174210. DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000000086. View

20.

Ananth A, Tai L, Lansdell C, Alkayyal A, Baxter K, Angka L . Surgical Stress Abrogates Pre-Existing Protective T Cell Mediated Anti-Tumor Immunity Leading to Postoperative Cancer Recurrence. PLoS One. 2016; 11(5):e0155947. PMC: 4873120. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155947. View