Gliotransmission and Adenosinergic Modulation: Insights from Mammalian Spinal Motor Networks

Overview

Journal J Neurophysiol

Publisher American Physiological Society

Specialties Neurology
Physiology

Date 2017 Sep 29

PMID 28954893

Citations 4

Authors

David Acton

Gareth B Miles

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Astrocytes are proposed to converse with neurons at tripartite synapses, detecting neurotransmitter release and responding with release of gliotransmitters, which in turn modulate synaptic strength and neuronal excitability. However, a paucity of evidence from behavioral studies calls into question the importance of gliotransmission for the operation of the nervous system in healthy animals. Central pattern generator (CPG) networks in the spinal cord and brain stem coordinate the activation of muscles during stereotyped activities such as locomotion, inspiration, and mastication and may therefore provide tractable models in which to assess the contribution of gliotransmission to behaviorally relevant neural activity. We review evidence for gliotransmission within spinal locomotor networks, including studies indicating that adenosine derived from astrocytes regulates the speed of locomotor activity via metamodulation of dopamine signaling.

Citing Articles

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Bi-Directional Communication Between Neurons and Astrocytes Modulates Spinal Motor Circuits.

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Modulation of spinal motor networks by astrocyte-derived adenosine is dependent on D-like dopamine receptor signaling.

Acton D, Broadhead M, Miles G J Neurophysiol. 2018; 120(3):998-1009.

PMID: 29790837 PMC: 6171060. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00783.2017.

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