Evaluation of Oxidative Status in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: In patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), chronic periodontitis (CP) contributed to increased oxidative stress (OS), owing to an increase in serum and salivary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a decrease in serum total antioxidant status (TAS) levels. The aim of the present study is to investigate salivary and serum 8-OHdG and MDA levels as well as total antioxidant status (TAS) in females with CP and PCOS compared with healthy females.

Methods: Four groups, each consisting of 22 individuals, were: 1) women with both PCOS and CP (PCOSCP); 2) systemically healthy women with CP; 3) periodontally healthy women with PCOS (PCOSPH); and 4) periodontally and systemically healthy women (PH). Demographic and clinical periodontal parameters were measured. Oxidative parameters were evaluated in serum and salivary samples.

Results: Salivary 8-OHdG levels in the PCOSCP and CP groups were statistically higher than those in both the PCOSPH and the PH groups (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference between the PCOSCP, CP, and PCOSPH groups with regard to salivary MDA and TAS levels (P > 0.05). Highest serum 8-OHdG and MDA levels and lowest serum TAS levels were seen in the PCOSCP group (P < 0.05). Serum 8-OHdG and MDA levels in the PCOSPH group were higher than those in both systemically healthy groups (PH and CP) (P < 0.05). Salivary TAS levels were highest (P < 0.05) in the PH group. There was no statistical difference between the CP and PCOSPH groups, but serum TAS levels were lower than those in the PH group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: CP, which led to an increase in serum and salivary 8-OHdG and MDA levels and a decrease in serum TAS levels in patients with PCOS, contributed to increased OS. This effect was more prominent in serum levels than in salivary levels.