Obesity Prevalence and Related Risk of Comorbidities Among HIV+ Patients Attending a New England Ambulatory Centre

Overview

Journal Obes Sci Pract

Date 2017 Aug 25

PMID 28835853

Citations 7

Authors

Katie M Becofsky

Edward J Wing

Rena R Wing

Kathryn E Richards

Fizza S Gillani

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus infection and obesity are pro-inflammatory conditions that, when occurring together, may pose a synergistic risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Purpose: The aim of the current study was (i) to document the prevalence of obesity in HIV+ patients treated at the Miriam Hospital Immunology Center (Providence, RI) and (ii) to investigate the relationship between obesity and comorbidities.

Methods: The study population consisted of 1,489 HIV+ adults (70% men; average age 48 ± 11 years) treated between 01/01/2012 and 06/30/2014. Separate logistic regressions tested the associations between overweight and obesity and comorbid diagnoses (diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease), as compared with normal weight. Covariates included age, gender and smoking status.

Results: Approximately 37% of patients were overweight (body mass index 25.0-29.9), and an additional 28% were obese (body mass index ≥30.0). Obesity was associated with higher odds of comorbid diabetes (OR = 3.26, CI = 1.98-5.39) and hypertension (OR = 2.11, CI = 1.49-2.98). There was no significant association between obesity and the presence of cardiovascular disease (OR = 1.12, CI = 0.66-1.90). Overweight was associated only with higher odds of comorbid diabetes (OR = 1.72; CI = 1.02-2.88).

Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate a heightened risk of comorbidities in overweight and obese HIV + patients. Future studies should investigate whether weight loss interventions for this population can reduce cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors as they do in other populations.

Citing Articles

Overweight and obesity and associated factors among adult ART patients at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Southern Ethiopia.

Kure A, Abebe A, Baza D, Paulos W BMC Nutr. 2022; 8(1):62.

PMID: 35821078 PMC: 9275139. DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00556-1.

An Analysis of Peripheral Neuropathy Symptom Characteristics in HIV.

Anastasi J, Capili B, McMahon D J Med Healthc. 2022; 4(1).

PMID: 35174365 PMC: 8845087. DOI: 10.47363/jmhc/2022(4)179.

Prevalence of Insulin Resistance in Adults Living with HIV: Implications of Alcohol Use.

Simon L, Ferguson T, Stouwe C, Brashear M, Primeaux S, Theall K AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2020; 36(9):742-752.

PMID: 32449647 PMC: 7482115. DOI: 10.1089/AID.2020.0029.

Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Impacts on the Pathophysiology and Phenotype of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.

Moulignier A, Costagliola D Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2020; 50:367-399.

PMID: 31989463 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2019_123.

Behavioral Weight Loss: A Promising Treatment for Obesity in Adults with HIV.

Panza E, Wing E, Wing R AIDS Behav. 2019; 24(4):1085-1091.

PMID: 31456199 PMC: 7044054. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-019-02645-y.

References

Engelson E, Agin D, Kenya S, Werber-Zion G, Luty B, Albu J . Body composition and metabolic effects of a diet and exercise weight loss regimen on obese, HIV-infected women. Metabolism. 2006; 55(10):1327-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.05.018. View

Tate T, Willig A, Willig J, Raper J, Moneyham L, Kempf M . HIV infection and obesity: where did all the wasting go?. Antivir Ther. 2012; 17(7):1281-9. PMC: 3779137. DOI: 10.3851/IMP2348. View

Botros D, Somarriba G, Neri D, Miller T . Interventions to address chronic disease and HIV: strategies to promote exercise and nutrition among HIV-infected individuals. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2012; 9(4):351-63. PMC: 3492509. DOI: 10.1007/s11904-012-0135-7. View

Hand G, Phillips K, Dudgeon W, Lyerly G, Durstine J, Burgess S . Moderate intensity exercise training reverses functional aerobic impairment in HIV-infected individuals. AIDS Care. 2008; 20(9):1066-74. DOI: 10.1080/09540120701796900. View

Cox A, West N, Cripps A . Obesity, inflammation, and the gut microbiota. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014; 3(3):207-15. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(14)70134-2. View

Amorosa V, Synnestvedt M, Gross R, Friedman H, MacGregor R, Gudonis D . A tale of 2 epidemics: the intersection between obesity and HIV infection in Philadelphia. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005; 39(5):557-61. View

Lau D, Teoh H . Benefits of modest weight loss on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Can J Diabetes. 2013; 37(2):128-34. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.03.023. View

Shacham E, Rosenburg N, Onen N, Donovan M, Overton E . Persistent HIV-related stigma among an outpatient US clinic population. Int J STD AIDS. 2014; 26(4):243-50. PMC: 4232486. DOI: 10.1177/0956462414533318. View

Pathai S, Bajillan H, Landay A, High K . Is HIV a model of accelerated or accentuated aging?. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2013; 69(7):833-42. PMC: 4067117. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt168. View

10.

Bradley H, Hall H, Wolitski R, Van Handel M, Stone A, LaFlam M . Vital Signs: HIV diagnosis, care, and treatment among persons living with HIV--United States, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014; 63(47):1113-7. PMC: 5779517. View

11.

Cofrancesco Jr J, Freedland E, McComsey G . Treatment options for HIV-associated central fat accumulation. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008; 23(1):5-18. PMC: 10204865. DOI: 10.1089/apc.2008.0067. View

12.

Becofsky K, Wing E, Wing R, Richards K, Gillani F . Obesity prevalence and related risk of comorbidities among HIV+ patients attending a New England ambulatory centre. Obes Sci Pract. 2017; 2(2):123-127. PMC: 5523689. DOI: 10.1002/osp4.38. View

13.

Crum-Cianflone N, Tejidor R, Medina S, Barahona I, Ganesan A . Obesity among patients with HIV: the latest epidemic. AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2008; 22(12):925-30. PMC: 2707924. DOI: 10.1089/apc.2008.0082. View

14.

Wing R, Lang W, Wadden T, Safford M, Knowler W, Bertoni A . Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011; 34(7):1481-6. PMC: 3120182. DOI: 10.2337/dc10-2415. View

15.

Flegal K, Carroll M, Kit B, Ogden C . Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1999-2010. JAMA. 2012; 307(5):491-7. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2012.39. View

16.

Hasse B, Iff M, Ledergerber B, Calmy A, Schmid P, Hauser C . Obesity Trends and Body Mass Index Changes After Starting Antiretroviral Treatment: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2015; 1(2):ofu040. PMC: 4281814. DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofu040. View

17.

Thompson-Paul A, Wei S, Mattson C, Robertson M, Hernandez-Romieu A, Bell T . Obesity Among HIV-Infected Adults Receiving Medical Care in the United States: Data From the Cross-Sectional Medical Monitoring Project and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015; 94(27):e1081. PMC: 4504569. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000001081. View

18.

Deeks S, Lewin S, Havlir D . The end of AIDS: HIV infection as a chronic disease. Lancet. 2013; 382(9903):1525-33. PMC: 4058441. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61809-7. View

19.

Durvasula R, Miller T . Substance abuse treatment in persons with HIV/AIDS: challenges in managing triple diagnosis. Behav Med. 2013; 40(2):43-52. PMC: 3999248. DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2013.866540. View

20.

Terry L, Sprinz E, Stein R, Medeiros N, Oliveira J, Ribeiro J . Exercise training in HIV-1-infected individuals with dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006; 38(3):411-7. DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000191347.73848.80. View