The Impact of HCV Therapy in a High HIV-HCV Prevalence Population: A Modeling Study on People Who Inject Drugs in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2017 May 12

PMID 28493917

Citations 7

Authors

Ruthie B Birger

Thuy Le

Roger D Kouyos

Bryan T Grenfell

Timothy B Hallett

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) coinfection is a major global health problem especially among people who inject drugs (PWID), with significant clinical implications. Mathematical models have been used to great effect to shape HIV care, but few have been proposed for HIV/HCV.

Methods: We constructed a deterministic compartmental ODE model that incorporated layers for HIV disease progression, HCV disease progression and PWID demography. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) scale-ups were modeled as from 2016 and projected forward 10 years. HCV treatment roll-out was modeled beginning in 2026, after a variety of MMT scale-up scenarios, and projected forward 10 years.

Results: Our results indicate that scale-up of ART has a major impact on HIV though not on HCV burden. MMT scale-up has an impact on incidence of both infections. HCV treatment roll-out has a measurable impact on reductions of deaths, increasing multifold the mortality reductions afforded by just ART/MMT scale-ups.

Conclusion: HCV treatment roll-out can have major and long-lasting effects on averting PWID deaths on top of those averted by ART/MMT scale-up. Efficient intervention scale-up of HCV alongside HIV interventions is critical in Vietnam.

Citing Articles

Using Economic Evaluation to Inform Responses to the Opioid Epidemic in the United States: Challenges and Suggestions for Future Research.

Patton T, Revill P, Sculpher M, Borquez A Subst Use Misuse. 2022; 57(5):815-821.

PMID: 35157549 PMC: 8969147. DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2026969.

A Systematic Review of Simulation Models to Track and Address the Opioid Crisis.

Cerda M, Jalali M, Hamilton A, DiGennaro C, Hyder A, Santaella-Tenorio J Epidemiol Rev. 2021; 43(1):147-165.

PMID: 34791110 PMC: 9005056. DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxab013.

HCV and HIV co-infection among people who inject drugs in Vietnam.

Thinh V, Li L, Matthieu D, Hoa V, Anh N, Giang L J Health Soc Sci. 2021; 5(4):573-586.

PMID: 34109283 PMC: 8186291.

Reported Low Uptake of HCV Testing among People Who Inject Drugs in Urban Vietnam.

Thinh V, Phuong D, Hoa V, Giang L Biomed Res Int. 2020; 2020:3701379.

PMID: 33274205 PMC: 7700019. DOI: 10.1155/2020/3701379.

What is needed to achieve HCV microelimination among HIV-infected populations in Andalusia, Spain: a modeling analysis.

Skaathun B, Borquez A, Rivero-Juarez A, Mehta S, Tellez F, Castano-Carracedo M BMC Infect Dis. 2020; 20(1):588.

PMID: 32770955 PMC: 7414743. DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05285-z.

References

Quan V, Le Minh N, Ha T, Ngoc N, The Vu P, Celentano D . Mortality and HIV transmission among male Vietnamese injection drug users. Addiction. 2010; 106(3):583-9. PMC: 4774249. DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03175.x. View

Foster G, Irving W, Cheung M, Walker A, Hudson B, Verma S . Impact of direct acting antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C and decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2016; 64(6):1224-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.01.029. View

Barth H, Rybczynska J, Patient R, Choi Y, Sapp R, Baumert T . Both innate and adaptive immunity mediate protective immunity against hepatitis C virus infection in chimpanzees. Hepatology. 2011; 54(4):1135-48. PMC: 3184181. DOI: 10.1002/hep.24489. View

Andreoni M, Giacometti A, Maida I, Meraviglia P, Ripamonti D, Sarmati L . HIV-HCV co-infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic implications. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2012; 16(11):1473-83. View

Lawitz E, Mangia A, Wyles D, Rodriguez-Torres M, Hassanein T, Gordon S . Sofosbuvir for previously untreated chronic hepatitis C infection. N Engl J Med. 2013; 368(20):1878-87. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1214853. View

Vogel M, Boesecke C, Rockstroh J . Acute hepatitis C infection in HIV-positive patients. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2010; 24(1):1-6. DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283422e09. View

Kamarulzaman A, McBrayer J . Compulsory drug detention centers in East and Southeast Asia. Int J Drug Policy. 2015; 26 Suppl 1:S33-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.11.011. View

Quan V, Go V, Van Nam L, Bergenstrom A, Thuoc N, Zenilman J . Risks for HIV, HBV, and HCV infections among male injection drug users in northern Vietnam: a case-control study. AIDS Care. 2008; 21(1):7-16. PMC: 2869448. DOI: 10.1080/09540120802017610. View

Birger R, Kouyos R, Dushoff J, Grenfell B . Modeling the effect of HIV coinfection on clearance and sustained virologic response during treatment for hepatitis C virus. Epidemics. 2015; 12:1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2015.04.001. View

10.

Rotman Y, Liang T . Coinfection with hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus: virological, immunological, and clinical outcomes. J Virol. 2009; 83(15):7366-74. PMC: 2708610. DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00191-09. View

11.

Nadol P, OConnor S, Duong H, Le L, Thang P, Tram T . Findings from integrated behavioral and biologic survey among males who inject drugs (MWID) - Vietnam, 2009-2010: evidence of the need for an integrated response to HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus. PLoS One. 2015; 10(2):e0118304. PMC: 4333571. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118304. View

12.

Thein H, Yi Q, Dore G, Krahn M . Estimation of stage-specific fibrosis progression rates in chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Hepatology. 2008; 48(2):418-31. DOI: 10.1002/hep.22375. View

13.

Nakata S, Song P, Duc D, Nguyen X, Murata K, Tsuda F . Hepatitis C and B virus infections in populations at low or high risk in Ho Chi Minh and Hanoi, Vietnam. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1994; 9(4):416-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.1994.tb01265.x. View

14.

Mehta S, Asch D . When are effective medications just too expensive?. Cleve Clin J Med. 2014; 81(3):173-5. DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.81a.14010. View

15.

Sereno L, Mesquita F, Kato M, Jacka D, Nguyen T, Nguyen T . Epidemiology, responses, and way forward: the silent epidemic of viral hepatitis and HIV coinfection in Vietnam. J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care (Chic). 2012; 11(5):311-20. DOI: 10.1177/1545109712453939. View

16.

Price J, Thio C . Liver disease in the HIV-infected individual. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010; 8(12):1002-12. PMC: 2997131. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.08.024. View

17.

Kwon J, Iversen J, Maher L, Law M, Wilson D . The impact of needle and syringe programs on HIV and HCV transmissions in injecting drug users in Australia: a model-based analysis. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2009; 51(4):462-9. DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181a2539a. View

18.

Alter M . Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection. J Hepatol. 2005; 44(1 Suppl):S6-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.11.004. View

19.

Rangarajan S, Tram H, Todd C, Thinh T, Hung V, Hieu P . Risk factors for delayed entrance into care after diagnosis among patients with late-stage HIV disease in southern Vietnam. PLoS One. 2014; 9(10):e108939. PMC: 4199603. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108939. View

20.

Danta M, Brown D, Bhagani S, Pybus O, Sabin C, Nelson M . Recent epidemic of acute hepatitis C virus in HIV-positive men who have sex with men linked to high-risk sexual behaviours. AIDS. 2007; 21(8):983-91. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3281053a0c. View