Dynamics of Adaptive Immunity Against Phage in Bacterial Populations

Overview

Journal PLoS Comput Biol

Specialty Biology

Date 2017 Apr 18

PMID 28414716

Citations 16

Authors

Serena Bradde

Marija Vucelja

Tiberiu Tesileanu

Vijay Balasubramanian

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) mechanism allows bacteria to adaptively defend against phages by acquiring short genomic sequences (spacers) that target specific sequences in the viral genome. We propose a population dynamical model where immunity can be both acquired and lost. The model predicts regimes where bacterial and phage populations can co-exist, others where the populations exhibit damped oscillations, and still others where one population is driven to extinction. Our model considers two key parameters: (1) ease of acquisition and (2) spacer effectiveness in conferring immunity. Analytical calculations and numerical simulations show that if spacers differ mainly in ease of acquisition, or if the probability of acquiring them is sufficiently high, bacteria develop a diverse population of spacers. On the other hand, if spacers differ mainly in their effectiveness, their final distribution will be highly peaked, akin to a "winner-take-all" scenario, leading to a specialized spacer distribution. Bacteria can interpolate between these limiting behaviors by actively tuning their overall acquisition probability.

Citing Articles

My host's enemy is my enemy: plasmids carrying CRISPR-Cas as a defence against phages.

Siedentop B, Ruegg D, Bonhoeffer S, Chabas H Proc Biol Sci. 2024; 291(2015):20232449.

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Dynamics of immune memory and learning in bacterial communities.

Bonsma-Fisher M, Goyal S Elife. 2023; 12.

PMID: 36645771 PMC: 10118389. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.81692.

Epidemiological and evolutionary consequences of different types of CRISPR-Cas systems.

Chabas H, Muller V, Bonhoeffer S, Regoes R PLoS Comput Biol. 2022; 18(7):e1010329.

PMID: 35881633 PMC: 9355216. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010329.

Resistance of Dickeya solani strain IPO 2222 to lytic bacteriophage ΦD5 results in fitness tradeoffs for the bacterium during infection.

Bartnik P, Lewtak K, Fiolka M, Czaplewska P, Narajczyk M, Czajkowski R Sci Rep. 2022; 12(1):10725.

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Single cell variability of CRISPR-Cas interference and adaptation.

McKenzie R, Keizer E, Vink J, van Lopik J, Buke F, Kalkman V Mol Syst Biol. 2022; 18(4):e10680.

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