Phase Transformation Mechanism in Lithium Manganese Nickel Oxide Revealed by Single-crystal Hard X-ray Microscopy

Overview

Journal Nat Commun

Specialty Biology

Date 2017 Feb 2

PMID 28145406

Citations 14

Authors

Saravanan Kuppan

Yahong Xu

Yijin Liu

Guoying Chen

Affiliations

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Abstract

Understanding the reaction pathway and kinetics of solid-state phase transformation is critical in designing advanced electrode materials with better performance and stability. Despite the first-order phase transition with a large lattice mismatch between the involved phases, spinel LiMnNiO is capable of fast rate even at large particle size, presenting an enigma yet to be understood. The present study uses advanced two-dimensional and three-dimensional nano-tomography on a series of well-formed LiMnNiO (0≤x≤1) crystals to visualize the mesoscale phase distribution, as a function of Li content at the sub-particle level. Inhomogeneity along with the coexistence of Li-rich and Li-poor phases are broadly observed on partially delithiated crystals, providing direct evidence for a concurrent nucleation and growth process instead of a shrinking-core or a particle-by-particle process. Superior kinetics of (100) facets at the vertices of truncated octahedral particles promote preferential delithiation, whereas the observation of strain-induced cracking suggests mechanical degradation in the material.

Citing Articles

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Evaluation of Electronic-Ionic Transport Properties of a Mg/Zr-Modified LiNiMnO Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries.

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Defects and nanostrain gradients control phase transition mechanisms in single crystal high-voltage lithium spinel.

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