The State of the Art of Lethal Oviposition Trap-Based Mass Interventions for Arboviral Control

The intensifying expansion of arboviruses highlights the need for effective invasive control. While mass-trapping interventions have long been discredited as inefficient compared to insecticide applications, increasing levels of insecticide resistance, and the development of simple affordable traps that target and kill gravid female mosquitoes, show great promise. We summarize the methodologies and outcomes of recent lethal oviposition trap-based mass interventions for suppression of urban and their associated diseases. The evidence supports the recommendation of mass deployments of oviposition traps to suppress populations of invasive , although better measures of the effects on disease control are needed. Strategies associated with successful mass-trap deployments include: (1) high coverage (>80%) of the residential areas; (2) pre-intervention and/or parallel source reduction campaigns; (3) direct involvement of community members for economic long-term sustainability; and (4) use of new-generation larger traps (Autocidal Gravid Ovitrap, AGO; Gravid Trap, GAT) to outcompete remaining water-holding containers. While to the best of our knowledge all published studies so far have been on in resource-poor or tropical settings, we propose that mass deployment of lethal oviposition traps can be used for focused cost-effective control of temperate pre-empting arboviral epidemics and increasing participation of residents in urban mosquito control.