Frequency of Genes Encoding Erythromycin Ribosomal Methylases Among Clinical Isolates with Different D-phenotypes in Tehran, Iran

Overview

Journal Iran J Microbiol

Publisher Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2016 Dec 9

PMID 27928482

Citations 4

Authors

Sareh Sadat Hosseini

Mohammad Niakan

Horieh Saderi

Mitra Motallebi

Morovat Taherikalani

Khairollah Asadollahi

Mohammad Emaneini

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background And Objectives: Macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin type B (MLSB) antibiotics are important in the treatment of infections and existence of isolates with ability to resist against MLSB antibiotics is worrisome.

Materials And Methods: In this cross sectional study, 101 isolates were collected from patients of five selected hospitals in Tehran over a period of five months. Disk diffusion tests and differentiation between constitutive and inducible resistances were carried out by D-test. The presence of and genes were detected using PCR or multiplex PCR.

Results: Out of 101 isolates, 58 (57.4%) were methicillin resistant and 57 (56.4%) expressed resistance to erythromycin. The prevalence of constitutive MLSB (cMLSB), inducible MLSB (iMLSB) and MS (Negative) phenotype in all erythromycin resistant isolates were 71.9, 26.3 and 1.7%, respectively. Out of all the erythromycin resistant isolates, 57.8% harbored both and genes which possessed constitutive resistance. 8.7% of the isolates contained gene alone which possessed inducible resistance with D phenotype and 5.2% of isolates just contained gene which had inducible resistance with D phenotype. gene was detected in 3.5% of the erythromycin resistant isolates with constitutive resistance. None of the genes were detected among MS phenotypes.

Conclusion: In this study, most of isolates carried both and genes and there was a significant relationship ( value ≤ 0.05) between different resistance phenotypes and genes.

Citing Articles

Macrolide-Lincosamide Resistance and Virulence Genes in Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Ardabil, Iran.

Manouchehrifar M, Khademi F, Doghaheh H, Habibzadeh S, Arzanlou M Iran J Pathol. 2023; 18(4):415-424.

PMID: 38024553 PMC: 10646736. DOI: 10.30699/IJP.2023.1987077.3049.

High prevalence of direct repeat unit types of 10di, 8 h and 8i among methicillin resistant strains with staphylococcal cassette chromosome type IIIA isolated in Tehran, Iran.

Motallebi M, Jabalameli F, Beigverdi R, Emaneini M Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2019; 8:50.

PMID: 30886703 PMC: 6404295. DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0501-y.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide resistance among isolates in Isfahan, Iran.

Sedaghat H, Esfahani B, Mobasherizadeh S, Jazi A, Halaji M, Sadeghi P Iran J Microbiol. 2018; 9(5):264-270.

PMID: 29296270 PMC: 5748444.

Prevalence of Genotypes That Determine Resistance of Staphylococci to Macrolides and Lincosamides in Serbia.

Misic M, Cukic J, Vidanovic D, Sekler M, Matic S, Vukasinovic M Front Public Health. 2017; 5:200.

PMID: 28894731 PMC: 5581325. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00200.

References

Nicholas B, Bhargave G, Hatipoglu A, Heffelfinger R, Rosen M, Pribitkin E . Preoperative prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization in patients undergoing intranasal surgery. Med Sci Monit. 2010; 16(8):CR365-8. View

Leclercq R . Mechanisms of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides: nature of the resistance elements and their clinical implications. Clin Infect Dis. 2002; 34(4):482-92. DOI: 10.1086/324626. View

Song Y, Du X, Li T, Zhu Y, Li M . Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from different clinical specimens of inpatients at a teaching hospital in Shanghai between 2005 and 2010. J Med Microbiol. 2012; 62(Pt 2):274-282. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.050971-0. View

Sadeghi J, Mansouri S . Molecular characterization and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus obtained from Southeast of Iran (Kerman). APMIS. 2013; 122(5):405-11. DOI: 10.1111/apm.12158. View

Tiwari H, Sen M . Emergence of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) from a tertiary care hospital from northern part of India. BMC Infect Dis. 2006; 6:156. PMC: 1634751. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-6-156. View

Jung Y, Kim K, Lee K, Yoo J, Chung G, Kim B . Prevalence and characterization of macrolide-lincomycin-streptogramin B-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Korean hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007; 61(2):458-60. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkm483. View

Fiebelkorn K, Crawford S, McElmeel M, Jorgensen J . Practical disk diffusion method for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol. 2003; 41(10):4740-4. PMC: 254362. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.41.10.4740-4744.2003. View

Weigel L, Clewell D, Gill S, Clark N, McDougal L, Flannagan S . Genetic analysis of a high-level vancomycin-resistant isolate of Staphylococcus aureus. Science. 2003; 302(5650):1569-71. DOI: 10.1126/science.1090956. View

Debdas D, Joshi S . Incidence of clindamycin resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2011; 5(4):316-7. DOI: 10.3855/jidc.1598. View

10.

Saderi H, Emadi B, Owlia P . Phenotypic and genotypic study of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Tehran, Iran. Med Sci Monit. 2011; 17(2):BR48-53. PMC: 3524716. DOI: 10.12659/msm.881386. View

11.

Emaneini M, Eslampour M, Sedaghat H, Aligholi M, Jabalameli F, Shahsavan S . Characterization of phenotypic and genotypic inducible macrolide resistance in staphylococci in Tehran, Iran. J Chemother. 2009; 21(5):595-7. DOI: 10.1179/joc.2009.21.5.595. View

12.

Yilmaz G, Aydin K, Iskender S, Caylan R, Koksal I . Detection and prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance in staphylococci. J Med Microbiol. 2007; 56(Pt 3):342-345. DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.46761-0. View

13.

Vandendriessche S, Kadlec K, Schwarz S, Denis O . Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus ST398-t571 harbouring the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance gene erm(T) in Belgian hospitals. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2011; 66(11):2455-9. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr348. View

14.

Gul H, Kilic A, Uskudar Guclu A, Bedir O, Orhon M, Basustaoglu A . Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistant phenotypes and genotypes for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Turkey, from 2003 to 2006. Pol J Microbiol. 2009; 57(4):307-12. View

15.

Duran N, Ozer B, Gulbol Duran G, Onlen Y, Demir C . Antibiotic resistance genes & susceptibility patterns in staphylococci. Indian J Med Res. 2012; 135:389-96. PMC: 3361877. View

16.

Perez-Roth E, Claverie-Martin F, Villar J, Mendez-Alvarez S . Multiplex PCR for simultaneous identification of Staphylococcus aureus and detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance. J Clin Microbiol. 2001; 39(11):4037-41. PMC: 88484. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.11.4037-4041.2001. View

17.

Hasani A, Sheikhalizadeh V, Hasani A, Naghili B, Valizadeh V, Nikoonijad A . Methicillin resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus: Appraising therapeutic approaches in the Northwest of Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 2013; 5(1):56-62. PMC: 3577566. View

18.

Prabhu K, Rao S, Rao V . Inducible Clindamycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Samples. J Lab Physicians. 2011; 3(1):25-7. PMC: 3118052. DOI: 10.4103/0974-2727.78558. View

19.

Emaneini M, Aligholi M, Hashemi F, Jabalameli F, Shahsavan S, Dabiri H . Isolation of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a teaching hospital in Tehran. J Hosp Infect. 2007; 66(1):92-3. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.03.002. View

20.

Zelazny A, Ferraro M, Glennen A, Hindler J, Mann L, Munro S . Selection of strains for quality assessment of the disk induction method for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococci: a CLSI collaborative study. J Clin Microbiol. 2005; 43(6):2613-5. PMC: 1151953. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.6.2613-2615.2005. View