Screening for Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: Who, When, and How?

Overview

Journal Virulence

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2016 Nov 5

PMID 27813699

Citations 42

Authors

Sandra S Richter

Dror Marchaim

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The global spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has been fostered by the lack of preemptive screening of patients in healthcare facilities that could prevent patient-to-patient transmission. Outbreaks of CRE infections have led some institutions to implement rigorous screening programs, although controlled comparative data are frequently lacking. Resource limitations and uncertainty regarding the optimal approach has kept many facilities from enacting more active routine surveillance policies that could reduce the prevalence of CRE. The ideal population to target for screening, the frequency of testing, and the preferred test method are components of surveillance programs that remain open to debate. This review discusses the rationale for different screening policies in use and the performance characteristics of laboratory methods available to detect CRE carriage.

Citing Articles

Rapid Detection of Carbapenemases Using NG-Test CARBA 5 in Positive Blood Cultures: A Diagnostic Test Study.

Munguia-Ramos D, Xancal-Salvador L, Esteban-Kenel V, Ortiz-Conchi N, Jaimes-Aquino R, Mendoza-Rojas M Antibiotics (Basel). 2024; 13(11).

PMID: 39596798 PMC: 11591157. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13111105.

Laboratory detection of carbapenemases among Gram-negative organisms.

Simner P, Pitout J, Dingle T Clin Microbiol Rev. 2024; 37(4):e0005422.

PMID: 39545731 PMC: 11629623. DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00054-22.

Association Between Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) Colonization Status at Time of Hospital Admission and the Subsequent Development of CRE Infection and Mortality in High-Risk Patients.

Alraddadi B, Heaphy E, Alzahrani M, Alqadi M, Qashqari M, Alhuthali M Infect Drug Resist. 2024; 17:4655-4664.

PMID: 39473910 PMC: 11520729. DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S479487.

Correlation between intestinal CRE colonization and consequent systemic infection in hospitalized patients in China.

Xiao Y, Duan J, Tan C, Zou J, Chen S, Liu T Sci Rep. 2024; 14(1):26017.

PMID: 39472675 PMC: 11522463. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-76261-9.

Evaluation of point mutation carbapenemase-producing in Prapokklao Hospital, Thailand.

Santajit S, Tunyong W, Kong-Ngoen T, Arsheewa W, Hinthong W, Pumirat P Microbiol Spectr. 2024; :e0019824.

PMID: 39417625 PMC: 11619526. DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00198-24.

References

van der Zwaluw K, de Haan A, Pluister G, Bootsma H, de Neeling A, Schouls L . The carbapenem inactivation method (CIM), a simple and low-cost alternative for the Carba NP test to assess phenotypic carbapenemase activity in gram-negative rods. PLoS One. 2015; 10(3):e0123690. PMC: 4370852. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123690. View

Singh K, Mangold K, Wyant K, Schora D, Voss B, Kaul K . Rectal screening for Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases: comparison of real-time PCR and culture using two selective screening agar plates. J Clin Microbiol. 2012; 50(8):2596-600. PMC: 3421488. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00654-12. View

van der Zee A, Roorda L, Bosman G, Fluit A, Hermans M, Smits P . Multi-centre evaluation of real-time multiplex PCR for detection of carbapenemase genes OXA-48, VIM, IMP, NDM and KPC. BMC Infect Dis. 2014; 14:27. PMC: 3897903. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-27. View

Barnes S, Morgan D, Harris A, Carling P, Thom K . Preventing the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms: modeling the relative importance of hand hygiene and environmental cleaning interventions. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014; 35(9):1156-62. PMC: 4204209. DOI: 10.1086/677632. View

Munoz-Price L, Poirel L, Bonomo R, Schwaber M, Daikos G, Cormican M . Clinical epidemiology of the global expansion of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases. Lancet Infect Dis. 2013; 13(9):785-96. PMC: 4673667. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70190-7. View

Samra Z, Bahar J, Madar-Shapiro L, Aziz N, Israel S, Bishara J . Evaluation of CHROMagar KPC for rapid detection of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. J Clin Microbiol. 2008; 46(9):3110-1. PMC: 2546734. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00249-08. View

Schechner V, Kotlovsky T, Tarabeia J, Kazma M, Schwartz D, Navon-Venezia S . Predictors of rectal carriage of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) among patients with known CRE carriage at their next hospital encounter. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011; 32(5):497-503. DOI: 10.1086/659762. View

Marchaim D, Chopra T, Perez F, Hayakawa K, Lephart P, Bheemreddy S . Outcomes and genetic relatedness of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae at Detroit medical center. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2011; 32(9):861-71. PMC: 4067763. DOI: 10.1086/661597. View

Friedman N, Kaye K, Stout J, McGarry S, Trivette S, Briggs J . Health care--associated bloodstream infections in adults: a reason to change the accepted definition of community-acquired infections. Ann Intern Med. 2002; 137(10):791-7. DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-137-10-200211190-00007. View

10.

Paul M, Shani V, Muchtar E, Kariv G, Robenshtok E, Leibovici L . Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of appropriate empiric antibiotic therapy for sepsis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010; 54(11):4851-63. PMC: 2976147. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00627-10. View

11.

Lerner A, Adler A, Abu-Hanna J, Cohen Percia S, Kazma Matalon M, Carmeli Y . Spread of KPC-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: the importance of super-spreaders and rectal KPC concentration. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015; 21(5):470.e1-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2014.12.015. View

12.

Lolans K, Calvert K, Won S, Clark J, Hayden M . Direct ertapenem disk screening method for identification of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in surveillance swab specimens. J Clin Microbiol. 2010; 48(3):836-41. PMC: 2832415. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01988-09. View

13.

Brennan B, Coyle J, Marchaim D, Pogue J, Boehme M, Finks J . Statewide surveillance of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in Michigan. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014; 35(4):342-9. DOI: 10.1086/675611. View

14.

Rajapakse N, Vayalumkal J, Lam-Li D, Pearce C, Rees G, Kamhuka L . Pilot testing of an out-of-country medical care questionnaire with screening and cost analysis of preemptive isolation for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a large Canadian health region. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014; 35(4):450-1. DOI: 10.1086/675616. View

15.

Papadimitriou-Olivgeris M, Bartzavali C, Christofidou M, Bereksi N, Hey J, Zambardi G . Performance of chromID® CARBA medium for carbapenemases-producing Enterobacteriaceae detection during rectal screening. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013; 33(1):35-40. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-013-1925-6. View

16.

Marchaim D, Navon-Venezia S, Schwaber M, Carmeli Y . Isolation of imipenem-resistant Enterobacter species: emergence of KPC-2 carbapenemase, molecular characterization, epidemiology, and outcomes. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008; 52(4):1413-8. PMC: 2292520. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01103-07. View

17.

. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae containing New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase in two patients - Rhode Island, March 2012. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012; 61(24):446-8. View

18.

Cuzon G, Naas T, Bogaerts P, Glupczynski Y, Nordmann P . Evaluation of a DNA microarray for the rapid detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (TEM, SHV and CTX-M), plasmid-mediated cephalosporinases (CMY-2-like, DHA, FOX, ACC-1, ACT/MIR and CMY-1-like/MOX) and carbapenemases (KPC, OXA-48, VIM, IMP and.... J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012; 67(8):1865-9. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks156. View

19.

Vasoo S, Lolans K, Li H, Prabaker K, Hayden M . Comparison of the CHROMagar™ KPC, Remel Spectra™ CRE, and a direct ertapenem disk method for the detection of KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae from perirectal swabs. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014; 78(4):356-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.08.016. View

20.

Katz S, Ford A, Moskowitz R, Jackson B, JAFFE M . STUDIES OF ILLNESS IN THE AGED. THE INDEX OF ADL: A STANDARDIZED MEASURE OF BIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTION. JAMA. 1963; 185:914-9. DOI: 10.1001/jama.1963.03060120024016. View