Interrelationship Between Periapical Lesion and Systemic Metabolic Disorders

Overview

Journal Curr Pharm Des

Publisher Bentham Science Publishers

Date 2016 Feb 17

PMID 26881444

Citations 26

Authors

Hajime Sasaki

Kimito Hirai

Christine M Martins

Hisako Furusho

Ricardo Battaglino

Koshi Hashimoto

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Periapical periodontitis, also known as periapical lesion, is a common dental disease, along with periodontitis (gum disease). Periapical periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, caused by endodontic infection, and its development is regulated by the host immune/inflammatory response. Metabolic disorders, which are largely dependent on life style such as eating habits, have been interpreted as a "metabolically-triggered" low-grade systemic inflammation and may interact with periapical periodontitis by triggering immune modulation. The host immune system is therefore considered the common fundamental mechanism of both disease conditions.

Method: We have reviewed >200 articles to discuss the interrelationship between periapical lesions and metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and their common pathological background in immunology/osteoimmunology and cytokine biology.

Results: An elevated inflammatory state caused by metabolic disorders can impact the clinical outcome of periapical lesions and interfere with wound healing after endodontic treatment. Although additional well-designed clinical studies are needed, periapical lesions appear to affect insulin sensitivity and exacerbate non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Conclusion: Immune regulatory cytokines produced by various cell types, including immune cells and adipose tissue, play an important role in this interrelationship.

Citing Articles

Effects of Combined Periodontal, Endodontic, and Dentoalveolar Surgical Treatments on Laboratory Parameters in Patients with Hyperlipidemia-A Clinical Interventional Study.

Martos R, Harangi M, Szabo J, Foldvari A, Sandor J, Katona E J Clin Med. 2025; 14(1.

PMID: 39797322 PMC: 11721995. DOI: 10.3390/jcm14010241.

A 980 nm Diode Laser as an Adjunctive Therapy on the Healing of Apical Periodontitis Following Endodontic Retreatment: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study.

Noferesti M, Darmiani S, Rastegar H J Lasers Med Sci. 2024; 15:e36.

PMID: 39193108 PMC: 11348443. DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2024.36.

Leveraging Pretrained Transformers for Efficient Segmentation and Lesion Detection in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans.

Chen R, Lee Y, Yan H, Mupparapu M, Lure F, Li J J Endod. 2024; 50(10):1505-1514.e1.

PMID: 39097163 PMC: 11471365. DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.012.

Effect of apical foraminal enlargement on postoperative pain and inflammatory markers in asymtomatic single-rooted mandibular teeth with apical periodontitis - An randomized controlled trial.

Gandhe P, Aravelli S, Penigalapati S, Kasam S, Ramachandruni N, Alam S J Conserv Dent Endod. 2024; 27(6):584-590.

PMID: 38989502 PMC: 11232762. DOI: 10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_138_24.

The importance of mechanosensitive cell mediated prostaglandin and nitric oxide synthesis in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis: comparative with chronic periodontitis.

Ozcelik F, Ersahan S, Sirin D, Ozcelik I, Hepsenoglu Y, Karip B Clin Oral Investig. 2024; 28(6):337.

PMID: 38795217 PMC: 11127815. DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05721-3.

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