Hydrogels That Allow and Facilitate Bone Repair, Remodeling, and Regeneration

Overview

Journal J Mater Chem B

Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry

Specialty Biomedical Engineering

Date 2015 Dec 23

PMID 26693013

Citations 20

Authors

Aaron R Short

Deepthi Koralla

Ameya Deshmukh

Benjamin Wissel

Benjamin Stocker

Mark Calhoun

David Dean

Jessica O Winter

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Bone defects can originate from a variety of causes, including trauma, cancer, congenital deformity, and surgical reconstruction. Success of the current "gold standard" treatment (i.e., autologous bone grafts) is greatly influenced by insufficient or inappropriate bone stock. There is thus a critical need for the development of new, engineered materials for bone repair. This review describes the use of natural and synthetic hydrogels as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. We discuss many of the advantages that hydrogels offer as bone repair materials, including their potential for osteoconductivity, biodegradability, controlled growth factor release, and cell encapsulation. We also discuss the use of hydrogels in composite devices with metals, ceramics, or polymers. These composites are useful because of the low mechanical moduli of hydrogels. Finally, the potential for thermosetting and photo-cross-linked hydrogels as three-dimensionally (3D) printed, patient-specific devices is highlighted. Three-dimensional printing enables controlled spatial distribution of scaffold materials, cells, and growth factors. Hydrogels, especially natural hydrogels present in bone matrix, have great potential to augment existing bone tissue engineering devices for the treatment of critical size bone defects.

Citing Articles

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Hydrogels as a Potential Biomaterial for Multimodal Therapeutic Applications.

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Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Materials and Methods.

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