Flexible Regression Models with Cubic Splines

Overview

Journal Stat Med

Publisher Wiley

Specialty Public Health

Date 1989 May 1

PMID 2657958

Citations 1155

Authors

S Durrleman

R Simon

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

We describe the use of cubic splines in regression models to represent the relationship between the response variable and a vector of covariates. This simple method can help prevent the problems that result from inappropriate linearity assumptions. We compare restricted cubic spline regression to non-parametric procedures for characterizing the relationship between age and survival in the Stanford Heart Transplant data. We also provide an illustrative example in cancer therapeutics.

Citing Articles

Mental health of intellectually gifted individuals: investigating the nonlinearity of the relationship between intelligence and general mental health.

Czerwinski S, Atroszko P, Konarski R Health Psychol Rep. 2025; 13(1):39-54.

PMID: 40041297 PMC: 11873881. DOI: 10.5114/hpr/187337.

Non-linear associations between blood glucose, blood lipids and inflammatory markers and new-onset arthritis in the middle-aged and older population - a cohort study in Europe.

Qiu F, Li J, Legerlotz K Lipids Health Dis. 2025; 24(1):79.

PMID: 40025473 PMC: 11872311. DOI: 10.1186/s12944-025-02495-9.

Age-stratified analysis of the BMI-kidney stone relationship: findings from a national cross-sectional study.

Zhou L, Gu W, Jiang Y, Zhang H Front Med (Lausanne). 2025; 12:1513799.

PMID: 40018353 PMC: 11867089. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1513799.

Parametric Estimation of the Mean Number of Events in the Presence of Competing Risks.

Entrop J, Jakobsen L, Crowther M, Clements M, Eloranta S, Dietrich C Biom J. 2025; 67(1):e70038.

PMID: 39967277 PMC: 11836554. DOI: 10.1002/bimj.70038.

Association between cardiovascular health and overactive bladder.

Li Z, Liu X, Li Y, Chen X, Liu Z, Gao X Sci Rep. 2025; 15(1):5760.

PMID: 39962171 PMC: 11832880. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-90438-w.