Translesion DNA Synthesis

Overview

Journal EcoSal Plus

Publisher American Society for Microbiology

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2015 Oct 8

PMID 26442823

Citations 8

Authors

Alexandra Vaisman

John P McDonald

Roger Woodgate

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

All living organisms are continually exposed to agents that damage their DNA, which threatens the integrity of their genome. As a consequence, cells are equipped with a plethora of DNA repair enzymes to remove the damaged DNA. Unfortunately, situations nevertheless arise where lesions persist, and these lesions block the progression of the cell's replicase. In these situations, cells are forced to choose between recombination-mediated "damage avoidance" pathways or a specialized DNA polymerase (pol) to traverse the blocking lesion. The latter process is referred to as Translesion DNA Synthesis (TLS). As inferred by its name, TLS not only results in bases being (mis)incorporated opposite DNA lesions but also bases being (mis)incorporated downstream of the replicase-blocking lesion, so as to ensure continued genome duplication and cell survival. Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium possess five DNA polymerases, and while all have been shown to facilitate TLS under certain experimental conditions, it is clear that the LexA-regulated and damage-inducible pols II, IV, and V perform the vast majority of TLS under physiological conditions. Pol V can traverse a wide range of DNA lesions and performs the bulk of mutagenic TLS, whereas pol II and pol IV appear to be more specialized TLS polymerases.

Citing Articles

Sending out an SOS - the bacterial DNA damage response.

Lima-Noronha M, Fonseca D, Oliveira R, Freitas R, Park J, Galhardo R Genet Mol Biol. 2022; 45(3 Suppl 1):e20220107.

PMID: 36288458 PMC: 9578287. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2022-0107.

Growth-dependent heterogeneity in the DNA damage response in Escherichia coli.

Jaramillo-Riveri S, Broughton J, McVey A, Pilizota T, Scott M, El Karoui M Mol Syst Biol. 2022; 18(5):e10441.

PMID: 35620827 PMC: 9136515. DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110441.

Why Do Muse Stem Cells Present an Enduring Stress Capacity? Hints from a Comparative Proteome Analysis.

Acar M, Aprile D, Ayaz-Guner S, Guner H, Tez C, Di Bernardo G Int J Mol Sci. 2021; 22(4).

PMID: 33669748 PMC: 7922977. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042064.

Visualizing mutagenic repair: novel insights into bacterial translesion synthesis.

Joseph A, Badrinarayanan A FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2020; 44(5):572-582.

PMID: 32556198 PMC: 7476773. DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa023.

DNA replication studies of -nitroso compound-induced -alkyl-2'-deoxyguanosine lesions in .

Wang P, Leng J, Wang Y J Biol Chem. 2019; 294(11):3899-3908.

PMID: 30655287 PMC: 6422096. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.007358.

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