Vasa Vasorum in Atherosclerosis and Clinical Significance

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Sci

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Biochemistry
Chemistry
Molecular Biology

Date 2015 May 27

PMID 26006236

Citations 60

Authors

Junyan Xu

Xiaotong Lu

Guo-Ping Shi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to several acute cardiovascular complications with poor prognosis. For decades, the role of the adventitial vasa vasorum (VV) in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis has received broad attention. The presence of VV neovascularization precedes the apparent symptoms of clinical atherosclerosis. VV also mediates inflammatory cell infiltration, intimal thickening, intraplaque hemorrhage, and subsequent atherothrombosis that results in stroke or myocardial infarction. Intraplaque neovessels originating from VV can be immature and hence susceptible to leakage, and are thus regarded as the leading cause of intraplaque hemorrhage. Evidence supports VV as a new surrogate target of atherosclerosis evaluation and treatment. This review provides an overview into the relationship between VV and atherosclerosis, including the anatomy and function of VV, the stimuli of VV neovascularization, and the available underlying mechanisms that lead to poor prognosis. We also summarize translational researches on VV imaging modalities and potential therapies that target VV neovascularization or its stimuli.

Citing Articles

Extracellular purines in lung endothelial permeability and pulmonary diseases.

Gerasimovskaya E, Patil R, Davies A, Maloney M, Simon L, Mohamed B Front Physiol. 2024; 15():1450673.

PMID: 39234309 PMC: 11372795. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1450673.

C-Reactive Protein in Atherosclerosis-More than a Biomarker, but not Just a Culprit.

Kirkgoz K Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2024; 24(10):297.

PMID: 39077585 PMC: 11262456. DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2410297.

ML-driven segmentation of microvascular features during histological examination of tissue-engineered vascular grafts.

Danilov V, Laptev V, Klyshnikov K, Stepanov A, Bogdanov L, Antonova L Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024; 12:1411680.

PMID: 38988863 PMC: 11233802. DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1411680.

Vasa vasorum: The role in intracranial physiology and pathophysiology.

Yamamoto K, Mizutani K, Akiyama T, Nogawa H, Toda M Surg Neurol Int. 2024; 15:188.

PMID: 38974550 PMC: 11225505. DOI: 10.25259/SNI_214_2024.

Molecular Pathways of Vulnerable Carotid Plaques at Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Narrative Review.

Miceli G, Basso M, Pintus C, Pennacchio A, Cocciola E, Cuffaro M Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(8).

PMID: 38673936 PMC: 11050267. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084351.

References

Nakashima Y, Chen Y, Kinukawa N, Sueishi K . Distributions of diffuse intimal thickening in human arteries: preferential expression in atherosclerosis-prone arteries from an early age. Virchows Arch. 2002; 441(3):279-88. DOI: 10.1007/s00428-002-0605-1. View

Higashida T, Kanno H, Nakano M, Funakoshi K, Yamamoto I . Expression of hypoxia-inducible angiogenic proteins (hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, and E26 transformation-specific-1) and plaque hemorrhage in human carotid atherosclerosis. J Neurosurg. 2008; 109(1):83-91. DOI: 10.3171/JNS/2008/109/7/0083. View

Coli S, Magnoni M, Sangiorgi G, Marrocco-Trischitta M, Melisurgo G, Mauriello A . Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging of intraplaque neovascularization in carotid arteries: correlation with histology and plaque echogenicity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008; 52(3):223-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.02.082. View

Kuge Y, Takai N, Ogawa Y, Temma T, Zhao Y, Nishigori K . Imaging with radiolabelled anti-membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) antibody: potentials for characterizing atherosclerotic plaques. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2010; 37(11):2093-104. DOI: 10.1007/s00259-010-1521-2. View

Kitange G, Shibata S, Tokunaga Y, Yagi N, Yasunaga A, Kishikawa M . Ets-1 transcription factor-mediated urokinase-type plasminogen activator expression and invasion in glioma cells stimulated by serum and basic fibroblast growth factors. Lab Invest. 1999; 79(4):407-16. View

Johnson M, Kim H, Chesler L, BOUCK N, Polverini P . Inhibition of angiogenesis by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase. J Cell Physiol. 1994; 160(1):194-202. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.1041600122. View

SCHOENENBERGER F, Mueller A . [On the vascularization of the bovine aortic wall]. Helv Physiol Pharmacol Acta. 1960; 18:136-50. View

Gossl M, Versari D, Lerman L, Chade A, Beighley P, Erbel R . Low vasa vasorum densities correlate with inflammation and subintimal thickening: potential role in location--determination of atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis. 2009; 206(2):362-8. PMC: 4208719. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.03.010. View

Rajsheker S, Manka D, Blomkalns A, Chatterjee T, Stoll L, Weintraub N . Crosstalk between perivascular adipose tissue and blood vessels. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2010; 10(2):191-6. PMC: 2843777. DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2009.11.005. View

10.

Fischer C, Jonckx B, Mazzone M, Zacchigna S, Loges S, Pattarini L . Anti-PlGF inhibits growth of VEGF(R)-inhibitor-resistant tumors without affecting healthy vessels. Cell. 2007; 131(3):463-75. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2007.08.038. View

11.

Kwon H, Sangiorgi G, Ritman E, Lerman A, McKenna C, Virmani R . Adventitial vasa vasorum in balloon-injured coronary arteries: visualization and quantitation by a microscopic three-dimensional computed tomography technique. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998; 32(7):2072-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)00482-3. View

12.

Ushio-Fukai M . VEGF signaling through NADPH oxidase-derived ROS. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2007; 9(6):731-9. DOI: 10.1089/ars.2007.1556. View

13.

Semenza G, Agani F, Booth G, Forsythe J, Iyer N, Jiang B . Structural and functional analysis of hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Kidney Int. 1997; 51(2):553-5. DOI: 10.1038/ki.1997.77. View

14.

Goertz D, Frijlink M, Tempel D, Bhagwandas V, Gisolf A, Krams R . Subharmonic contrast intravascular ultrasound for vasa vasorum imaging. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2007; 33(12):1859-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2007.05.023. View

15.

Rutanen J, Leppanen P, Tuomisto T, Rissanen T, Hiltunen M, Vajanto I . Vascular endothelial growth factor-D expression in human atherosclerotic lesions. Cardiovasc Res. 2003; 59(4):971-9. DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6363(03)00518-2. View

16.

Mollmark J, Ravi S, Sun B, Shipman S, Buitendijk M, Simons M . Antiangiogenic activity of rPAI-1(23) promotes vasa vasorum regression in hypercholesterolemic mice through a plasmin-dependent mechanism. Circ Res. 2011; 108(12):1419-28. PMC: 3370683. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.246249. View

17.

Chistiakov D, Orekhov A, Bobryshev Y . Contribution of neovascularization and intraplaque haemorrhage to atherosclerotic plaque progression and instability. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2014; 213(3):539-53. DOI: 10.1111/apha.12438. View

18.

Clarke J . An x-ray microscopic study of the postnatal development of the vasa vasorum of normal human coronary arteries. Acta Anat (Basel). 1966; 64(4):506-16. DOI: 10.1159/000142850. View

19.

Liu X, Mao Y, Wang B, Lu X, Bai W, Sun Y . Specific matrix metalloproteinases play different roles in intraplaque angiogenesis and plaque instability in rabbits. PLoS One. 2014; 9(9):e107851. PMC: 4169444. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107851. View

20.

Davie N, Gerasimovskaya E, Hofmeister S, Richman A, Jones P, Reeves J . Pulmonary artery adventitial fibroblasts cooperate with vasa vasorum endothelial cells to regulate vasa vasorum neovascularization: a process mediated by hypoxia and endothelin-1. Am J Pathol. 2006; 168(6):1793-807. PMC: 1606613. DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2006.050754. View