The Safety and Efficacy of Antifibrinolytic Therapy in Neonatal Cardiac Surgery

Overview

Journal PLoS One

Specialties General Medicine
Science

Date 2015 May 9

PMID 25954976

Citations 4

Authors

Chih-Yuan Lin

Jeffery H Shuhaiber

Hugo Loyola

Hua Liu

Pedro Del Nido

James A DiNardo

Frank A Pigula

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Neonates undergoing open-heart surgery are particularly at risk of postoperative bleeding requiring blood transfusion. Aprotinin has attained high efficacy in reducing the requirement for a blood transfusion following a cardiopulmonary bypass, but is seldom studied in the neonatal age group. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and adverse effects of aprotinin and tranexamic acid in neonates undergoing open-heart surgery at a single centre.

Methods: Between October 2003 and March 2008, perioperative data of 552 consecutive neonatal patients undergoing open-heart surgery in Children's Hospital Boston were reviewed. Among them, 177 did not receive antifibrinolytic therapy (Group A); 100 were treated with tranexamic acid only (Group B); and 275 patients received aprotinin with or without tranexamic acid (Group C). Except for antifibrinolytic therapy, the anaesthesiological and surgical protocols remained identical. Postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality were the primary study endpoints.

Results: Body weight and Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery (RACHS-1) scores were statistically comparable among the three groups. No statistically significant differences were observed between the duration of hospitalization, chest tube drainage, reexploration for bleeding, and kidney function impairment. In Group C, less blood was transfused within 24 hours than in GroupB. Operative mortality was similar among the three groups.

Conclusion: No further risk and kidney injury were observed in the use of aprotinin in neonatal cardiac surgery, aprotinin demonstrated a reduced requirement for blood transfusion compared with tranexamic acid. Our data provide reasonable evidence that aprotinin and tranexamic acid are safe and efficacious as antifibrinolytic modalities in neonatal patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Citing Articles

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[Paediatric Life Support].

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Clinical and Hematological Outcomes of Aminocaproic Acid Use During Pediatric Cardiac ECMO.

Coleman M, Davis J, Maher K, Deshpande S J Extra Corpor Technol. 2021; 53(1):40-45.

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Safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid in paediatric cardiac surgery: study protocol for a double-blind randomised controlled trial.

Zhang Y, Jia Y, Shi J, Yuan S, Wang R, Zhang Z BMJ Open. 2019; 9(11):e032642.

PMID: 31772102 PMC: 6887001. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032642.

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