A Novel Panel of Monoclonal Antibodies Against Schmallenberg Virus Nucleoprotein and Glycoprotein Gc Allows Specific Orthobunyavirus Detection and Reveals Antigenic Differences

Overview

Journal Vet Res

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Veterinary Medicine

Date 2015 Apr 19

PMID 25889366

Citations 11

Authors

Kerstin Wernike

Emiliana Brocchi

Paolo Cordioli

Yann Senechal

Christian Schelp

Anne Wegelt

Andrea Aebischer

Gleyder Roman-Sosa

Ilona Reimann

Martin Beer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

A panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for the nucleocapsid (N) protein or the glycoprotein Gc of Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a novel member of the Simbu serogroup (genus Orthobunyavirus, family Bunyaviridae), was produced and used to analyze antigenic differences among members of this serogroup. Reactivity with various SBV-isolates and other Simbu serogroup viruses was assessed by an indirect immunofluorescence test and by immunoblotting. The Gc-specific mAbs detected different SBV isolates as well as two closely related members of the Simbu serogroup. In addition, one mAb showed a highly specific reactivity with the homologous SBV strain only. Based on their differing reactivity with different SBV-strains, these antibodies represent a valuable novel tool to rapidly determine the phenotype of new SBV isolates. In contrast, the N-specific mAbs showed a broad reactivity spectrum and detected not only all the tested SBV-isolates, but also several other viruses of the Simbu serogroup. One out of these mAbs even recognized all of the tested Simbu serogroup viruses in the indirect immunofluorescence assay. In order to further characterize the N-specific antibodies, PepScan analysis was performed and a specific epitope could be identified. In summary, the newly generated mAbs showed differing pan-Simbu virus-, pan-SBV- as well as SBV-isolate-specific reactivity patterns. Thus, they represent valuable tools for the development of novel antigen and antibody detection systems either specific for SBV or, in a broader approach, for the pan-Simbu serogroup diagnostics.

Citing Articles

The Adaptive Immune Response against .

Alatrash R, Herrera B Viruses. 2024; 16(3).

PMID: 38543848 PMC: 10974645. DOI: 10.3390/v16030483.

Monoclonal antibodies to Cache Valley virus for serological diagnosis.

Skinner B, Mikula S, Davis B, Powers J, Hughes H, Calvert A PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022; 16(1):e0010156.

PMID: 35073325 PMC: 8812937. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010156.

Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Chimeras Expressing the Oropouche Virus Glycoproteins Elicit Protective Immune Responses in Mice.

Stubbs S, Cornejo Pontelli M, Mishra N, Zhou C, de Paula Souza J, Viana R mBio. 2021; 12(4):e0046321.

PMID: 34340542 PMC: 8406270. DOI: 10.1128/mBio.00463-21.

High genetic variability of Schmallenberg virus M-segment leads to efficient immune escape from neutralizing antibodies.

Wernike K, Reimann I, Banyard A, Kraatz F, La Rocca S, Hoffmann B PLoS Pathog. 2021; 17(1):e1009247.

PMID: 33497419 PMC: 7872300. DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009247.

Differentiation of Antibodies against Selected Simbu Serogroup Viruses by a Glycoprotein Gc-Based Triplex ELISA.

Wernike K, Aebischer A, Sick F, Szillat K, Beer M Vet Sci. 2021; 8(1).

PMID: 33477718 PMC: 7831895. DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8010012.

References

Chowdhary R, Street C, da Rosa A, Nunes M, Tee K, Hutchison S . Genetic characterization of the Wyeomyia group of orthobunyaviruses and their phylogenetic relationships. J Gen Virol. 2012; 93(Pt 5):1023-1034. PMC: 3541803. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.039479-0. View

Vasconcelos H, Azevedo R, Casseb S, Nunes-Neto J, Chiang J, Cantuaria P . Oropouche fever epidemic in Northern Brazil: epidemiology and molecular characterization of isolates. J Clin Virol. 2009; 44(2):129-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2008.11.006. View

Saeed M, Li L, Wang H, Weaver S, Barrett A . Phylogeny of the Simbu serogroup of the genus Bunyavirus. J Gen Virol. 2001; 82(Pt 9):2173-2181. DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-82-9-2173. View

Kobayashi T, Yanase T, Yamakawa M, Kato T, Yoshida K, Tsuda T . Genetic diversity and reassortments among Akabane virus field isolates. Virus Res. 2007; 130(1-2):162-71. DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.06.007. View

Lappin D, Nakitare G, Palfreyman J, Elliott R . Localization of Bunyamwera bunyavirus G1 glycoprotein to the Golgi requires association with G2 but not with NSm. J Gen Virol. 1994; 75 ( Pt 12):3441-51. DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-75-12-3441. View

Bilk S, Schulze C, Fischer M, Beer M, Hlinak A, Hoffmann B . Organ distribution of Schmallenberg virus RNA in malformed newborns. Vet Microbiol. 2012; 159(1-2):236-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.035. View

Wernike K, Silaghi C, Nieder M, Pfeffer M, Beer M . Dynamics of Schmallenberg virus infection within a cattle herd in Germany, 2011. Epidemiol Infect. 2013; 142(7):1501-4. PMC: 9151231. DOI: 10.1017/S0950268813002525. View

Brenner J, Tsuda T, Yadin H, Chai D, Stram Y, Kato T . Serological and clinical evidence of a teratogenic Simbu serogroup virus infection of cattle in Israel, 2001-2003. Vet Ital. 2010; 40(3):119-23. View

Magurano F, Nicoletti L . Humoral response in Toscana virus acute neurologic disease investigated by viral-protein-specific immunoassays. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1999; 6(1):55-60. PMC: 95660. DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.6.1.55-60.1999. View

10.

Akashi H, Inaba Y . Antigenic diversity of Akabane virus detected by monoclonal antibodies. Virus Res. 1997; 47(2):187-96. DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1702(96)01415-3. View

11.

Fischer M, Hoffmann B, Goller K, Hoper D, Wernike K, Beer M . A mutation 'hot spot' in the Schmallenberg virus M segment. J Gen Virol. 2013; 94(Pt 6):1161-1167. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.049908-0. View

12.

Dong H, Li P, Bottcher B, Elliott R, Dong C . Crystal structure of Schmallenberg orthobunyavirus nucleoprotein-RNA complex reveals a novel RNA sequestration mechanism. RNA. 2013; 19(8):1129-36. PMC: 3708532. DOI: 10.1261/rna.039057.113. View

13.

Hoffmann B, Scheuch M, Hoper D, Jungblut R, Holsteg M, Schirrmeier H . Novel orthobunyavirus in Cattle, Europe, 2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012; 18(3):469-72. PMC: 3309600. DOI: 10.3201/eid1803.111905. View

14.

Yoshida K, Ohashi S, Kubo T, Tsuda T . Comparison of intertypic antigenicity of Aino virus isolates by dot immunobinding assay using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 2000; 38(11):4211-4. PMC: 87565. DOI: 10.1128/JCM.38.11.4211-4214.2000. View

15.

Fafetine J, Tijhaar E, Paweska J, Neves L, Hendriks J, Swanepoel R . Cloning and expression of Rift Valley fever virus nucleocapsid (N) protein and evaluation of a N-protein based indirect ELISA for the detection of specific IgG and IgM antibodies in domestic ruminants. Vet Microbiol. 2006; 121(1-2):29-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.11.008. View

16.

Konno S, Moriwaki M, Nakagawa M . Akabane disease in cattle: congenital abnormalities caused by viral infection. Spontaneous disease. Vet Pathol. 1982; 19(3):246-66. DOI: 10.1177/030098588201900304. View

17.

Noda Y, Uchinuno Y, Shirakawa H, Nagasue S, Nagano N, Ohe R . Aino virus antigen in brain lesions of a naturally aborted bovine fetus. Vet Pathol. 1998; 35(5):409-11. DOI: 10.1177/030098589803500511. View

18.

Yanase T, Kato T, Aizawa M, Shuto Y, Shirafuji H, Yamakawa M . Genetic reassortment between Sathuperi and Shamonda viruses of the genus Orthobunyavirus in nature: implications for their genetic relationship to Schmallenberg virus. Arch Virol. 2012; 157(8):1611-6. DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1341-8. View

19.

Block H, Maertens B, Spriestersbach A, Brinker N, Kubicek J, Fabis R . Immobilized-metal affinity chromatography (IMAC): a review. Methods Enzymol. 2009; 463:439-73. DOI: 10.1016/S0076-6879(09)63027-5. View

20.

Guu T, Zheng W, Tao Y . Bunyavirus: structure and replication. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2012; 726:245-66. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0980-9_11. View