A Review of Common Tanning Methods

Overview

Journal J Clin Aesthet Dermatol

Date 2015 Mar 6

PMID 25741402

Citations 7

Authors

Michael Garone

John Howard

Jordan Fabrikant

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Tanning in the United States has become an increasingly popular activity in our culture. Tanning methods have evolved through the years to become more readily accessible and easier to use for all consumers, regardless of geographic location. With the rising incidence of skin cancer, the demand for safe and efficient tanning methods remains high. There are currently many different tanning methods being utilized, and still more are being researched. This article serves to summarize some of the most common tarining methods used in the United States today as well as some potential methods currently under study.

Citing Articles

A cross-sectional review of contact allergens in popular self-tanning products.

Newton J, Ogunremi O, Paulsen R, Lien M, Sievers M, Greenway Bietz M Int J Womens Dermatol. 2024; 10(1):e134.

PMID: 38332994 PMC: 10852387. DOI: 10.1097/JW9.0000000000000134.

Comparison of Color Development Kinetics of Tanning Reactions of Dihydroxyacetone with Free and Protected Basic Amino Acids.

Sun Y, Lee S, Lin L ACS Omega. 2022; 7(49):45510-45517.

PMID: 36530253 PMC: 9753197. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06124.

A Perspective on Femtosecond Pump-Probe Spectroscopy in the Development of Future Sunscreens.

Whittock A, Abiola T, Stavros V J Phys Chem A. 2022; 126(15):2299-2308.

PMID: 35394773 PMC: 9036518. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01000.

In search of the perfect tan: Chemical activity, biological effects, business considerations, and consumer implications of dihydroxyacetone sunless tanning products.

Turner J, OLoughlin D, Green P, McDonald T, Hamill K J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022; 22(1):79-88.

PMID: 35384270 PMC: 10083914. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14968.

A hypothesis about the origin of carotenoid lipid droplets in the green algae Dunaliella and Haematococcus.

Pick U, Zarka A, Boussiba S, Davidi L Planta. 2018; 249(1):31-47.

PMID: 30470898 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-3050-3.

References

Schwarz T . 25 years of UV-induced immunosuppression mediated by T cells-from disregarded T suppressor cells to highly respected regulatory T cells. Photochem Photobiol. 2008; 84(1):10-8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00223.x. View

Grant W . Update on evidence that support a role of solar ultraviolet-B irradiance in reducing cancer risk. Anticancer Agents Med Chem. 2012; 13(1):140-6. View

Jerant A, Johnson J, Sheridan C, Caffrey T . Early detection and treatment of skin cancer. Am Fam Physician. 2000; 62(2):357-68, 375-6, 381-2. View

Stahl W, Sies H . Carotenoids and protection against solar UV radiation. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 2002; 15(5):291-6. DOI: 10.1159/000064532. View

Rousseau A . Canthaxanthine deposits in the eye. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1983; 8(1):123-4. DOI: 10.1016/s0190-9622(83)80288-6. View

Kristl J, Abramovic Z, Sentjurc M . Skin oxygenation after topical application of liposome-entrapped benzyl nicotinate as measured by EPR oximetry in vivo: influence of composition and size. AAPS PharmSci. 2003; 5(1):E2. PMC: 2751470. DOI: 10.1208/ps050202. View

Stahl W, Heinrich U, Aust O, Tronnier H, Sies H . Lycopene-rich products and dietary photoprotection. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2006; 5(2):238-42. DOI: 10.1039/b505312a. View

Boniol M, Autier P, Boyle P, Gandini S . Cutaneous melanoma attributable to sunbed use: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012; 345:e4757. PMC: 3404185. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e4757. View

Little E, Eide M . Update on the current state of melanoma incidence. Dermatol Clin. 2012; 30(3):355-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2012.04.001. View

10.

Faurschou A, Wulf H . Durability of the sun protection factor provided by dihydroxyacetone. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2004; 20(5):239-42. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2004.00118.x. View

11.

Stahl W, Heinrich U, Wiseman S, Eichler O, Sies H, Tronnier H . Dietary tomato paste protects against ultraviolet light-induced erythema in humans. J Nutr. 2001; 131(5):1449-51. DOI: 10.1093/jn/131.5.1449. View

12.

Woo D, Eide M . Tanning beds, skin cancer, and vitamin D: An examination of the scientific evidence and public health implications. Dermatol Ther. 2010; 23(1):61-71. DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2009.01291.x. View

13.

Talwar H, Griffiths C, Fisher G, Hamilton T, Voorhees J . Reduced type I and type III procollagens in photodamaged adult human skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1995; 105(2):285-90. DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12318471. View

14.

Nagel J, FUSCALDO J, Fireman P . Paraben allergy. JAMA. 1977; 237(15):1594-5. View

15.

Yaar M, Gilchrest B . Photoageing: mechanism, prevention and therapy. Br J Dermatol. 2007; 157(5):874-87. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08108.x. View

16.

Jung K, Seifert M, Herrling T, Fuchs J . UV-generated free radicals (FR) in skin: their prevention by sunscreens and their induction by self-tanning agents. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2007; 69(5):1423-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.09.029. View

17.

Fabrikant J, Touloei K, Brown S . A review and update on melanocyte stimulating hormone therapy: afamelanotide. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013; 12(7):775-9. View

18.

Dennis L, Lowe J, Snetselaar L . Tanning behavior among young frequent tanners is related to attitudes and not lack of knowledge about the dangers. Health Educ J. 2012; 68(3):232-243. PMC: 3374486. DOI: 10.1177/0017896909345195. View

19.

Bluhm R, Branch R, Johnston P, Stein R . Aplastic anemia associated with canthaxanthin ingested for 'tanning' purposes. JAMA. 1990; 264(9):1141-2. View

20.

Brooks K, Brooks D, Dajani Z, Swetter S, Powers E, Pagoto S . Use of artificial tanning products among young adults. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006; 54(6):1060-6. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2006.01.014. View