Three-dimensional Anatomy of the Ostrich (Struthio Camelus) Knee Joint

Overview

Journal PeerJ

Specialties Biology
Environmental Health
General Medicine

Date 2015 Jan 1

PMID 25551024

Citations 11

Authors

Kyle P Chadwick

Sophie Regnault

Vivian Allen

John R Hutchinson

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The three-dimensional anatomy of the ostrich (Struthio camelus) knee (femorotibial, femorofibular, and femoropatellar) joint has scarcely been studied, and could elucidate certain mechanobiological properties of sesamoid bones. The adult ostrich is unique in that it has double patellae, while another similar ratite bird, the emu, has none. Understanding why these patellae form and what purpose they may serve is dually important for future studies on ratites as well as for understanding the mechanobiological characteristics of sesamoid bone development. For this purpose, we present a three-dimensional anatomical study of the ostrich knee joint, detailing osteology, ligaments and menisci, and myology. We have identified seven muscles which connect to the two patellae and compare our findings to past descriptions. These descriptions can be used to further study the biomechanical loading and implications of the double patella in the ostrich.

Citing Articles

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Morphometric studies on the appendicular bony skeleton of the ostriches (Struthio Camelus).

Kassem M, Tahon R, Khalil K, El-Ayat M BMC Vet Res. 2023; 19(1):109.

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An overview of the osseous palmar sesamoid in Anura, with the particular case of some species.

Manzano A, Abdala V PeerJ. 2023; 11:e15063.

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Modern three-dimensional digital methods for studying locomotor biomechanics in tetrapods.

Demuth O, Herbst E, Polet D, Wiseman A, Hutchinson J J Exp Biol. 2023; 226(Suppl_1).

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Sesamoids in Caudata and Gymnophiona (Lissamphibia): absences and evidence.

Ponssa M, Abdala V PeerJ. 2021; 8:e10595.

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