Cyanidin-3-glucoside Isolated from Mulberry Fruits Protects Pancreatic β-cells Against Glucotoxicity-induced Apoptosis

The present study investigated the cytoprotective effects of cyanidin‑3‑glucoside (C3G), isolated from mulberry fruits, on the glucotoxicity‑induced apoptosis of pancreatic β‑cells to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of this compound. MIN6N pancreatic β‑cells were used to investigate the cytoprotective effects of C3G. In addition, the effects of C3G on the glucotoxicity‑induced apoptosis of pancreatic β‑cells was evaluated using MTT assay, immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometric and western blot analyses. The pancreatic β‑cells cultured under high glucose conditions exhibited distinct apoptotic features. C3G decreased the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation and the rate of apoptosis. C3G also prevented pancreatic β‑cell apoptosis induced by high glucose conditions by interfering with the intrinsic apoptotic pathways. In addition, C3G treatment resulted in increased insulin secretion compared with treatment with high glucose only. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that C3G obtained from mulberry fruits may be a potential phytotherapeutic agent for the prevention of diabetes.