Microbial Biosynthesis of Medium-chain 1-alkenes by a Nonheme Iron Oxidase

Overview

Journal Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Specialty Science

Date 2014 Dec 10

PMID 25489112

Citations 70

Authors

Zhe Rui

Xin Li

Xuejun Zhu

Joyce Liu

Bonnie Domigan

Ian Barr

Jamie H D Cate

Wenjun Zhang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Aliphatic medium-chain 1-alkenes (MCAEs, ∼10 carbons) are "drop-in" compatible next-generation fuels and precursors to commodity chemicals. Mass production of MCAEs from renewable resources holds promise for mitigating dependence on fossil hydrocarbons. An MCAE, such as 1-undecene, is naturally produced by Pseudomonas as a semivolatile metabolite through an unknown biosynthetic pathway. We describe here the discovery of a single gene conserved in Pseudomonas responsible for 1-undecene biosynthesis. The encoded enzyme is able to convert medium-chain fatty acids (C10-C14) into their corresponding terminal olefins using an oxygen-activating, nonheme iron-dependent mechanism. Both biochemical and X-ray crystal structural analyses suggest an unusual mechanism of β-hydrogen abstraction during fatty acid substrate activation. Our discovery unveils previously unidentified chemistry in the nonheme Fe(II) enzyme family, provides an opportunity to explore the biology of 1-undecene in Pseudomonas, and paves the way for tailored bioconversion of renewable raw materials to MCAE-based biofuels and chemical commodities.

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